understand

A workflow for building a traced explanation of an unfamiliar software subsystem before changing it. It examines both the current code and the project history behind important decisions.

In plain words
What is it for?
Investigating code structure, reviewing commits and line history, consulting relevant sources, and documenting the resulting mental model.
Why use it?
It reduces the risk of changing code without understanding how it works or why it was designed that way.

Skill for Claude CodeCodex

Install

Getting it into your agent

One page per mod, every tool's command on it. A separate URL per tool would split the same page into five that compete with each other.

agentmods
npx agentmods add skills/romerma/mstack/understand
Any agent
npx skills add romerma/mstack --skill understand
Clone the repo
git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/romerma/mstack

Made for: Claude Code, Codex.

Per session 62 Skills are progressive disclosure: only the name and description are preloaded; the body loads when the skill is used.
When invoked 646 The whole file, excluding the scripts and references it only reads on demand.
Security scan A 0 findings. Scan, not verified.
Origin original No closer match found in the catalogue.
Token cost

What it costs to keep this loaded

Counted locally with the o200k_base tokenizer, which is exact for GPT models; Claude uses its own tokenizer and its counts differ. Treat this as one consistent yardstick across the catalogue rather than a bill. Prices are per million input tokens.

ModelPer sessionOnce invoked
Fable 5 $0.00062 $0.00646
Opus 5 $0.00031 $0.00323
Sonnet 5 $0.00012 $0.00129
Haiku 4.5 $0.00006 $0.00065

Measured yesterday against content hash 495c7aa2bcae, method: parsed. Prices are Anthropic first-party input rates as of 2026-08-30, from the pricing page.

Security

Grade A, and why

understand scanned grade A with 0 findings against 26 rules in 11 categories — prompt injection, anti-refusal, data exfiltration, privilege escalation, supply chain, agent snooping, system-prompt leakage, SSRF and excessive agency — measured yesterday.

A static scan of the body, not an audit. Every finding is printed with the line that produced it so you can judge whether it matters here. A mod is markdown that instructs an agent; that is exactly why what it instructs is worth reading.

Nothing flagged

None of the 26 patterns this scan looks for appear in this file: no shell pipes, no recursive deletes, no credential paths, no hidden text, no instruction-override or anti-refusal phrasing, no agent-config snooping. That is not a guarantee, it is the absence of the things that are checkable.

skills/understand/SKILL.md · 56 lines

How it starts

The opening of the file, as written. The whole thing — 56 lines — stays where its author put it; the contents beside it link to each section on GitHub.

Understand

Two questions, and they have different sources.

How does it work is answered by the code. Why is it like this is answered by history: git log -p and git blame on the seam, the commit messages, whatever issue tracker or chat the repo is wired to. Code cannot tell you what was rejected, and that is usually the part that matters.

For why, references/sources.md has one playbook per kind of source — what it holds, how to search it, and what it systematically lies about. Read the playbook for the source before you search it; each one exists because that source misleads in a specific, repeatable way. Start with code-archaeology.md, which every repo has and which often ends the investigation on its own.

Scale the effort

Scope Approach
One file, one function Read it. No fan-out.
One subsystem One pass, direct.
Crosses subsystems, or nobody knows the answer Two or three readers in parallel, each with a narrow disjoint question

When you fan out, each reader writes to .mstack/progress/explore_<topic>.md and returns the path. Narrow questions, disjoint scopes. Three readers given the same broad question return the same shallow answer three times.

For why, one investigator per source, each reading one playbook and nothing else. A source you could not reach is a gap, not an absence: "Slack was not searchable" is a finding, and letting an empty result become "there was no discussion" is how a confident, wrong account gets built.

The account

Present it in this order, and omit any section with nothing in it:

  • Overview. What this is for, in a paragraph.
  • Key concepts. The three to five nouns you need before the rest makes sense.
  • How it works. The path a request or a value actually takes, with file:line.
  • Where things live. The map, so the next person does not repeat this.
  • Gotchas. What is surprising, and what has already bitten someone.

Say what you did not establish

Read the full file on GitHub · 56 lines

Changes

What this file has done since we first saw it

Hashed on every crawl. A supply-chain change to an agent config is a question of when, not whether, so the history is kept rather than the latest state alone.

  1. yesterday First seen · 56 lines · 62 tokens per session scan A 495c7aa2bcae

Subscribe to this mod's changes

understand is a skill published in the GitHub repository romerma/mstack (1 stars, last pushed 8d ago), licensed MIT. It adds 62 tokens to every session and 646 once invoked, about $0.0003 per session on Opus 5. A static security scan graded it A with 0 findings. No closer match exists in the catalogue, so it is treated as the original; first seen 2026-08-31.

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