Use this skill when designing surfaces that accelerate repeat tasks through recents, frequently-used items, and contextual suggestions. Trigger when designing pickers used repeatedly, command palettes, navigation that should adapt to user behavior, or any surface where a returning user shouldn't have to retype their…
Use this skill when designing the orientation chrome that tells users where they are — breadcrumbs, current-page indicators, page titles, header context, "you are here" markers, parent-link affordances. Trigger when designing a multi-level IA, when users complain "I lost track of where I was," when reviewing whether…
Use this skill when deciding whether (and how) to borrow physical-world wayfinding metaphors for software — rooms, doors, paths, maps, landmarks. Trigger when designing app shells with multiple "spaces," when picking metaphors for navigation (workspace, channel, board, project), when reviewing skeuomorphic vs. flat…
Use this skill when designing search as the universal wayfinding recovery, or when designing for users who got lost — 404 pages, "results not found," "you've reached an unexpected page," empty states that should orient, and any moment where the user's mental map has failed and the system must repair it. Trigger when…
Use this skill whenever a user must navigate within a non-trivial space — a multi-page web app, a documentation site, a hierarchical settings panel, a conference site, a multi-step flow, a campus, a building, an app with deep IA. Trigger when the user asks how navigation should be structured, when users get lost, when…
Framework-agnostic design principles for interaction, affordance, feedback, errors, and user control. Covers Fitts's Law, Affordance, Forgiveness, Feedback Loop, Errors, Constraint, Mapping, Expectation Effect, and Control. Drawn from the interaction-related entries of 'Universal Principles of Design' (Lidwell, Holden.
Use this skill when designing or fixing controls that mislead users — elements that look interactive but aren't (false affordance), or controls that need to clearly communicate "you can't do that here" (anti-affordance, like disabled states). Trigger when reviewing UIs where users tap inert elements expecting…
Use this skill when the design has interactive capability but users aren't seeing it — when the affordance is technically present but the signifier (the visible cue that tells users "you can do this") is missing or weak. Trigger when reviewing flat-design UIs where everything looks the same, when designing custom…
Use this skill whenever the question is whether the user can tell what an element does — whether it looks clickable, draggable, expandable, editable, or interactive at all. Trigger when designing buttons, links, custom controls, drag handles, draggable cards, editable inline fields, or any interactive element. Trigger…
Use this skill when designing structural constraints that prevent invalid actions through the shape, layout, or behavior of the design itself — paths (channels of motion), axes (rotary controls), barriers (blocks). Trigger when designing input controls, drag-and-drop affordances, modal dialogs, or hardware-style…
Use this skill when designing constraints that work through perception, expectation, and learned convention — symbols, conventions, mappings. Trigger when designing iconography, picking control conventions, or designing for behavioral predictability. Sub-aspect of constraint; read that first.