deployment

🚀 部署策略

環境分層

Development:
  - 本地開發環境
  - 熱重載啟用
  - Debug 模式開啟
  - Mock 資料可用

Staging:
  - 類生產環境
  - 真實資料庫（測試資料）
  - 完整監控
  - 自動部署

Production:
  - 生產環境
  - 高可用架構
  - 完整備援
  - 手動批准部署

🐳 容器化配置

Dockerfile 最佳實踐

# Multi-stage build
FROM node:20-alpine AS builder
WORKDIR /app
# 只複製 package files 優化快取
COPY package*.json ./
RUN npm ci --only=production

# 建構階段
COPY . .
RUN npm run build

# 執行階段 - 最小化映像
FROM node:20-alpine AS runner
WORKDIR /app

# 安全性：非 root 使用者
RUN addgroup -g 1001 -S nodejs
RUN adduser -S nextjs -u 1001

# 只複製必要檔案
COPY --from=builder --chown=nextjs:nodejs /app/build ./build
COPY --from=builder --chown=nextjs:nodejs /app/node_modules ./node_modules

USER nextjs
EXPOSE 3000

# 健康檢查
HEALTHCHECK --interval=30s --timeout=3s --start-period=5s --retries=3 \
  CMD node healthcheck.js

CMD ["node", "build/index.js"]

Docker Compose 配置

version: '3.8'

services:
  app:
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
      args:
        - NODE_ENV=production
    ports:
      - "3000:3000"
    environment:
      - NODE_ENV=production
    depends_on:
      db:
        condition: service_healthy
      redis:
        condition: service_started
    networks:
      - app-network
    restart: unless-stopped
    deploy:
      replicas: 2
      resources:
        limits:
          cpus: '1'
          memory: 512M
        reservations:
          cpus: '0.5'
          memory: 256M

  db:
    image: postgres:15-alpine
    environment:
      POSTGRES_DB: ${DB_NAME}
      POSTGRES_USER: ${DB_USER}
      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: ${DB_PASSWORD}
    volumes:
      - postgres-data:/var/lib/postgresql/data
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD-SHELL", "pg_isready -U ${DB_USER}"]
      interval: 10s
      timeout: 5s
      retries: 5

  redis:
    image: redis:7-alpine
    command: redis-server --appendonly yes
    volumes:
      - redis-data:/data

volumes:
  postgres-data:
  redis-data:

networks:
  app-network:
    driver: bridge