file-operations

File and Directory Operations

Overview

Linux file system operation skills, including file search, batch operations, permission management, etc.

File Search

find Command

# Search by name
find /path -name "*.log"
find /path -iname "*.LOG"           # Case insensitive

# Search by type
find /path -type f                  # Files
find /path -type d                  # Directories
find /path -type l                  # Symbolic links

# Search by time
find /path -mtime -7                # Modified within 7 days
find /path -mtime +30               # Modified more than 30 days ago
find /path -mmin -60                # Modified within 60 minutes

# Search by size
find /path -size +100M              # Larger than 100MB
find /path -size -1k                # Smaller than 1KB

# Combined conditions
find /path -name "*.log" -mtime +7 -size +10M

locate Command

# Quick search (requires database update)
locate filename
updatedb                            # Update database

# Case insensitive
locate -i filename

File Operations

Basic Operations

# Copy
cp file1 file2
cp -r dir1 dir2                     # Recursive copy directory
cp -p file1 file2                   # Preserve attributes

# Move/Rename
mv file1 file2
mv file1 /path/to/dest/

# Delete
rm file
rm -rf dir                          # Recursive force delete
rm -i file                          # Interactive confirmation

# Create
touch file                          # Create empty file
mkdir -p dir1/dir2/dir3             # Recursive create directories

Batch Operations

# Batch rename
rename 's/old/new/' *.txt
for f in *.txt; do mv "$f" "${f%.txt}.md"; done

# Batch delete
find /path -name "*.tmp" -delete
find /path -name "*.log" -mtime +30 -exec rm {} \;

# Batch copy
find /src -name "*.conf" -exec cp {} /dest/ \;

File Content

View Files

cat file                            # Full content
head -n 20 file                     # First 20 lines
tail -n 20 file                     # Last 20 lines
tail -f file                        # Real-time follow
less file                           # Paginated view

# Statistics
wc -l file                          # Line count
wc -w file                          # Word count
wc -c file                          # Byte count