httpclient-factory

HttpClient Factory

Core Principles

1. Never new HttpClient() per request — Raw HttpClient creation causes socket exhaustion under load and ignores DNS changes. Use IHttpClientFactory to manage handler lifetimes.
2. Keyed clients over typed clients — Keyed DI (.AddAsKeyed()) is the recommended pattern in .NET 10. Typed clients captured in singletons silently break handler rotation.
3. Resilience is not optional — Every external HTTP call needs retry, circuit breaker, and timeout. AddStandardResilienceHandler() provides sensible defaults in one line.
4. DelegatingHandlers for cross-cutting concerns — Auth tokens, correlation IDs, and logging belong in the handler pipeline, not scattered across service methods.

Patterns

Named Client with Resilience

builder.Services.AddHttpClient("github", client =>
{
    client.BaseAddress = new Uri("https://api.github.com/");
    client.DefaultRequestHeaders.UserAgent.ParseAdd("MyApp/1.0");
    client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(
        new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json"));
})
.AddStandardResilienceHandler();

// Usage via factory
public sealed class GitHubService(IHttpClientFactory factory)
{
    public async Task<Repo?> GetRepoAsync(string owner, string name, CancellationToken ct)
    {
        var client = factory.CreateClient("github");
        return await client.GetFromJsonAsync<Repo>($"repos/{owner}/{name}", ct);
    }
}

Keyed Client (Recommended in .NET 10)

Combines named client configurability with direct injection. No string lookups.

builder.Services.AddHttpClient("payments", client =>
{
    client.BaseAddress = new Uri("https://api.payments.example.com/");
})
.AddStandardResilienceHandler()
.AddAsKeyed();  // Register as keyed scoped service

// Inject directly — no IHttpClientFactory needed
app.MapPost("/charge", async (
    [FromKeyedServices("payments")] HttpClient httpClient,
    ChargeRequest request,
    CancellationToken ct) =>
{
    var response = await httpClient.PostAsJsonAsync("charges", request, ct);
    return response.IsSuccessStatusCode
        ? TypedResults.Ok()
        : TypedResults.Problem("Payment failed");
});