re-fw-extract

re-fw-extract is a skill for Claude Code from dslsdzc/rev-skills. It costs 70 tokens per session (5,215 once invoked), scanned A, original, Apache-2.0.

A guide for extracting and unpacking firmware files such as device images, update packages, and binary files. Firmware is software stored on hardware devices; the guide covers tools including binwalk, unblob, dd, and hexdump.

In plain words
What is it for?
Use it to scan firmware for embedded components, unpack common formats, split data at known offsets, inspect hexadecimal contents, and determine when emulation or hardware-based extraction is needed.
Why use it?
It helps identify how a firmware file is packaged and recover its embedded files for static inspection.

Skill for Claude Code

Written for Claude Code: installed under .claude/.

Good fit Use it to scan firmware for embedded components, unpack common formats, split data at known offsets, inspect hexadecimal contents, and determine when emulation or hardware-based extraction is needed.

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Install with agentmods
npx agentmods add skills/dslsdzc/rev-skills/re-fw-extract
Install

Getting it into your agent

One page per mod, every tool's command on it. A separate URL per tool would split the same page into five that compete with each other.

Any agent
npx skills add dslsdzc/rev-skills --skill re-fw-extract
Clone the repo
git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/dslsdzc/rev-skills

Made for: Claude Code.

Wrote this? Show the measurements

A badge with what this costs and how it scanned, read live from this page, so it follows the numbers instead of freezing them. Markdown for a README, HTML for a documentation site or a project page.

agentmods badge for re-fw-extract

README.md
[![agentmods](https://agentmods.dev/badge/skills/dslsdzc/rev-skills/re-fw-extract/github.svg)](https://agentmods.dev/skills/dslsdzc/rev-skills/re-fw-extract)
Your own site
<a href="https://agentmods.dev/skills/dslsdzc/rev-skills/re-fw-extract"><img src="https://agentmods.dev/badge/skills/dslsdzc/rev-skills/re-fw-extract/github.svg" alt="Measured on agentmods" height="20"></a>

Or the 80×15 button, for a site that already has a row of RSS and ATOM ones. Only the verdict fits; the numbers stay here.

agentmods 80×15 button for re-fw-extract

Your own site · 80×15
<a href="https://agentmods.dev/skills/dslsdzc/rev-skills/re-fw-extract"><img src="https://agentmods.dev/badge/skills/dslsdzc/rev-skills/re-fw-extract.svg" alt="Reviewed on agentmods" width="80" height="20"></a>
Per session 70 Skills are progressive disclosure: only the name and description are preloaded; the body loads when the skill is used.
When invoked 5,215 The whole file, excluding the scripts and references it only reads on demand.
Security scan A 0 findings. A grade says what 26 rules found in the file — not that it is safe. Third-party audits
  • NVIDIA SkillSpector pass 7 Sept 2026
How audits are shown
Origin original No closer match found in the catalogue.
Token cost

What it costs to keep this loaded

Counted locally with the o200k_base tokenizer, which is exact for GPT models; Claude uses its own tokenizer and its counts differ. Treat this as one consistent yardstick across the catalogue rather than a bill. Prices are per million input tokens.

ModelPer sessionOnce invoked
Fable 5.1 $0.00070 $0.05215
Opus 5 $0.00035 $0.02608
Sonnet 5 $0.00014 $0.01043
Haiku 4.5 $0.00007 $0.00522

Measured 12d ago against content hash b3f05c8d4d32, method: parsed. Prices are Anthropic first-party input rates as of 2026-09-12, from the pricing page.

Security

Grade A, and why

re-fw-extract scanned grade A with 0 findings against 26 rules in 11 categories — prompt injection, anti-refusal, data exfiltration, privilege escalation, supply chain, agent snooping, system-prompt leakage, SSRF and excessive agency — measured 12d ago.

A static scan of the body, not an audit. Every finding is printed with the line that produced it so you can judge whether it matters here. A mod is markdown that instructs an agent; that is exactly why what it instructs is worth reading.

Nothing flagged

None of the 26 patterns this scan looks for appear in this file: no shell pipes, no recursive deletes, no credential paths, no hidden text, no instruction-override or anti-refusal phrasing, no agent-config snooping. That is not a guarantee, it is the absence of the things that are checkable.

.claude/skills/re-fw-extract/SKILL.md · 169 lines

How it starts

The opening of the file, as written. The whole thing — 169 lines — stays where its author put it; the contents beside it link to each section on GitHub.

固件提取与解包

何时使用 / 何时不用

  • 用:拿到固件文件(.bin / .img / 升级包 / IoT 镜像)需要解开看内容
  • 用:需要判断固件打包方式、架构与字节序
  • 不用:已是文件系统镜像 / rootfs(直接走 [[re-fw-rootfs]])
  • 不用:需要运行固件观察行为(走 [[re-fw-emulate]])
  • 不用:需实物板子硬件提取(走 [[re-hardware-io]])

工具准备

所有工具先验证再使用。解包与 magic 扫描是纯静态分析,可免沙箱([[platform-tips]] 最高原则);解出产物要运行时转 [[re-fw-emulate]]。

binwalk —— 自动解包主力

  • Linux: apt install binwalk(Debian/Ubuntu 仓库版为 2.x)/ dnf install binwalk / pacman -S binwalk
  • pip(跨平台、版本新、签名库全,推荐): pip install binwalk
  • macOS: brew install binwalk(或 pip 版)
  • Windows/WSL: Windows 本机无官方包,用 WSL 内 Linux/pip 版
  • 验证: binwalk --version(2.x)或 binwalk --help(老版)

unblob —— 更准的自动解包(推荐主力)

  • 跨平台: pip install unblob(依赖较多,建议 venv: python3 -m venv venv && venv/bin/pip install unblob
  • 各发行版基本无官方包,用 pip
  • 验证: unblob --version

dd —— 按偏移切分

  • Linux/macOS: coreutils 自带(macOS 自带 /usr/bin/dd)
  • Windows/WSL: WSL 内 Linux 版;Windows 本机用 Git Bash 自带 dd 或 WSL
  • 验证: dd --version

hexdump —— 十六进制查看与手工 magic 扫描

  • Linux: apt install bsdmainutils(Debian/Ubuntu)/ dnf install util-linux(Fedora/RHEL,含 hexdump)
  • macOS: 自带 /usr/bin/hexdump
  • Windows/WSL: WSL 内 Linux 版
  • 验证: hexdump -C /dev/null(无报错即可用;macOS 版无 --version

sasquatch —— 老式/厂商魔改 squashfs 解包

  • Linux: 源码编译(git clone https://github.com/devttys0/sasquatch,需 apt install zlib1g-dev liblzma-dev build-essentialmake
  • macOS: 同上源码编译(需 Xcode Command Line Tools)
  • Windows/WSL: WSL 内编译
  • 验证: sasquatch -h 输出用法(编译产物在仓库子目录,需加入 PATH)

操作步骤

按顺序执行,每步记下结果。

  1. 自动解包(unblob 优先,binwalk 兜底)

    unblob firmware.bin                      # 更准,自动识别 50+ 容器格式并递归解包
    # 或 binwalk:
    binwalk firmware.bin                     # 先列出签名与偏移
    binwalk -Me firmware.bin                 # -M 递归 -e 提取
    

    产物:firmware.bin/(unblob)或 _firmware.bin.extracted/(binwalk)目录。解出的文件系统转 [[re-fw-rootfs]],ELF 转 [[re-binary-core]]。

  2. magic 手工扫描(自动解包不全时)

    hexdump -C firmware.bin | head -40
    # 或按 binwalk 报告的偏移核对:
    dd if=firmware.bin bs=1 skip=<偏移> count=16 | hexdump -C
    

    常见魔数:JPEG FF D8 FF、gzip 1F 8B、squashfs hsqs、cramfs 45 3D CD 28(小端,大端反序)、U-Boot 27 05 19 56、jffs2 85 19、ELF 7F 45 4C 46。识别出一个就按该格式处理。

Read the full file on GitHub · 169 lines

Changes

What this file has done since we first saw it

Hashed on every crawl. A supply-chain change to an agent config is a question of when, not whether, so the history is kept rather than the latest state alone.

  1. 12d ago First seen · 169 lines · 70 tokens per session scan A b3f05c8d4d32

Subscribe to this mod's changes

re-fw-extract is a skill published in the GitHub repository dslsdzc/rev-skills (54 stars, last pushed 14d ago), licensed Apache-2.0. It adds 70 tokens to every session and 5,215 once invoked, about $0.0003 per session on Opus 5. A static security scan graded it A with 0 findings. No closer match exists in the catalogue, so it is treated as the original; first seen 2026-08-30.

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