principle-explain-the-number

principle-explain-the-number is a skill for Claude Code from ericlitman/open-pstack. It costs 59 tokens per session (385 once invoked), scanned A, a copy of principle-explain-the-number, MIT.

A method for checking whether a measured number, such as a speedup, latency, throughput, or evaluation score, really means what you think it means.

In plain words
What is it for?
Use it to investigate performance and evaluation results, identify the limiting resource or code path, compare repeated runs, and preserve supporting evidence.
Why use it?
It helps uncover misleading results caused by skipped work, caching, errors, noise, weak test setups, or an unmeasured bottleneck.

Skill for Claude Code

Written for Claude Code: user-invocable in frontmatter.

Part of the pstack plugin — 59 skills, 22 agents, 1 hook shipped together

Good fit Use it to investigate performance and evaluation results, identify the limiting resource or code path, compare repeated runs, and preserve supporting evidence.

Compare 6 skills from other repositories ↓
Install with agentmods
npx agentmods add skills/ericlitman/open-pstack/principle-explain-the-number
Install

Getting it into your agent

One page per mod, every tool's command on it. A separate URL per tool would split the same page into five that compete with each other.

Any agent
npx skills add ericlitman/open-pstack --skill principle-explain-the-number
Clone the repo
git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/ericlitman/open-pstack

Made for: Claude Code.

Or install pstack, the plugin that ships this one along with the rest of its 59 skills, 22 agents, 1 hook.

Wrote this? Show the measurements

A badge with what this costs and how it scanned, read live from this page, so it follows the numbers instead of freezing them. Markdown for a README, HTML for a documentation site or a project page.

agentmods badge for principle-explain-the-number

README.md
[![agentmods](https://agentmods.dev/badge/skills/ericlitman/open-pstack/principle-explain-the-number/github.svg)](https://agentmods.dev/skills/ericlitman/open-pstack/principle-explain-the-number)
Your own site
<a href="https://agentmods.dev/skills/ericlitman/open-pstack/principle-explain-the-number"><img src="https://agentmods.dev/badge/skills/ericlitman/open-pstack/principle-explain-the-number/github.svg" alt="Measured on agentmods" height="20"></a>

Or the 80×15 button, for a site that already has a row of RSS and ATOM ones. Only the verdict fits; the numbers stay here.

agentmods 80×15 button for principle-explain-the-number

Your own site · 80×15
<a href="https://agentmods.dev/skills/ericlitman/open-pstack/principle-explain-the-number"><img src="https://agentmods.dev/badge/skills/ericlitman/open-pstack/principle-explain-the-number.svg" alt="Reviewed on agentmods" width="80" height="20"></a>
Per session 59 Skills are progressive disclosure: only the name and description are preloaded; the body loads when the skill is used.
When invoked 385 The whole file, excluding the scripts and references it only reads on demand.
Security scan A 0 findings. A grade says what 26 rules found in the file — not that it is safe.
Origin 88% copy Near-identical to another mod in the catalogue.
Token cost

What it costs to keep this loaded

Counted locally with the o200k_base tokenizer, which is exact for GPT models; Claude uses its own tokenizer and its counts differ. Treat this as one consistent yardstick across the catalogue rather than a bill. Prices are per million input tokens.

ModelPer sessionOnce invoked
Fable 5.1 $0.00059 $0.00385
Opus 5.5 $0.00024 $0.00154
Sonnet 5.5 $0.00012 $0.00077
Haiku 4.5 $0.00006 $0.00038

Measured 4d ago against content hash f376dfbb8086, method: parsed. Prices are Anthropic first-party input rates as of 2026-10-07, from the pricing page.

Security

Grade A, and why

principle-explain-the-number scanned grade A with 0 findings against 26 rules in 11 categories — prompt injection, anti-refusal, data exfiltration, privilege escalation, supply chain, agent snooping, system-prompt leakage, SSRF and excessive agency — measured 4d ago.

A static scan of the body, not an audit. Every finding is printed with the line that produced it so you can judge whether it matters here. A mod is markdown that instructs an agent; that is exactly why what it instructs is worth reading.

Nothing flagged

None of the 26 patterns this scan looks for appear in this file: no shell pipes, no recursive deletes, no credential paths, no hidden text, no instruction-override or anti-refusal phrasing, no agent-config snooping. That is not a guarantee, it is the absence of the things that are checkable.

Origin

This is a copy

88% identical to principle-explain-the-number — 0 lines differ, which has more behind it and is treated as the original. This page carries a canonical link to it rather than competing with it.

plugins/pstack/skills/principle-explain-the-number/SKILL.md · 18 lines

What it actually says

Explain the Number

  • Ask "why not double?" Name the resource or code path that bounds the result, such as a core, a lock, the disk, the network, or the load generator itself. Get it from a profile or from system counters taken during a run, then map it to source. A guess from reading the code is not a limiter. If you cannot say why the number is not twice as good, you do not know what you measured.
  • List what else the number could be measuring, and rule out each one with evidence. The usual suspects are errors, skipped or cached work, code that never ran, an untuned side (one left on default settings), noise, and a piece too small to matter end to end.
  • Keep the evidence with the number. Put the run count, the spread, and the limiter in the notes or a linked artifact.

For a performance number, run the full procedure with the benchmark-checklist skill. For an eval result, ask the same of the trials: did every run do the task, does the gap hold across trials and models, and does the scenario matter.

You skipped this when the evidence behind a number has no run count, no spread, or no named limiter, or when the time saved is larger than the time the changed piece took.

Distinct from Prove It Works, which checks that an output is real.

Changes

What this file has done since we first saw it

Hashed on every crawl. A supply-chain change to an agent config is a question of when, not whether, so the history is kept rather than the latest state alone.

  1. 4d ago First seen · 18 lines · 59 tokens per session scan A f376dfbb8086

Subscribe to this mod's changes

principle-explain-the-number is a skill published in the GitHub repository ericlitman/open-pstack (420 stars, last pushed today), licensed MIT. It adds 59 tokens to every session and 385 once invoked, about $0.0002 per session on Opus 5.5. A static security scan graded it A with 0 findings. It is 88% identical to principle-explain-the-number, differing in 0 lines, and is treated as a copy.

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