cloud-sql-basics

Cloud SQL Basics

Cloud SQL is a fully managed relational database service for MySQL, PostgreSQL, and SQL Server. It automates time-consuming tasks like patches, updates, backups, and replicas, while providing high performance and availability for your applications.

Prerequisites

Ensure you have the necessary IAM permissions to create and manage Cloud SQL instances. The Cloud SQL Admin (roles/cloudsql.admin) role provides full access to Cloud SQL resources.

Quick Start (PostgreSQL)

1. Enable the API:

   gcloud services enable sqladmin.googleapis.com --quiet
   

2. Create an Instance:

   gcloud sql instances create INSTANCE_NAME \
     --database-version=POSTGRES_18 \
     --cpu=2 \
     --memory=7680MiB \
     --region=REGION \
     --quiet
   

3. Set a password for the default user:

   Because this is a Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL instance, the default admin user is postgres:

   gcloud sql users set-password postgres \
     --instance=INSTANCE_NAME --password=PASSWORD \
     --quiet
   

4. Create a database:

   gcloud sql databases create DATABASE_NAME \
     --instance=INSTANCE_NAME \
     --quiet
   

5. Get the instance connection name:

   You need the instance connection name (which is formatted as PROJECT_ID:REGION:INSTANCE_NAME) to connect using the Cloud SQL Auth Proxy. Retrieve it with the following command:

   gcloud sql instances describe INSTANCE_NAME \
     --format="value(connectionName)" \
     --quiet
   

6. Connect to the instance:

   The Cloud SQL Auth Proxy must be running to be able to connect to the instance. In a separate terminal, start the proxy using the connection name:

   ./cloud-sql-proxy INSTANCE_CONNECTION_NAME
   

   With the proxy running, connect using psql in another terminal:

   psql "host=127.0.0.1 port=5432 user=postgres dbname=DATABASE_NAME password=PASSWORD sslmode=disable"