backend

Backend Development Skill

Implement robust, secure, and performant backend systems.

When to Use

• Implementing API endpoints
• Writing business logic
• Database operations
• External integrations
• Background job processing

Code Quality Standards

Structure

• One responsibility per function
• Files < 500 lines
• Clear module boundaries
• Consistent naming conventions

Error Handling

// Good - Explicit error handling
try {
  const result = await riskyOperation();
  return { success: true, data: result };
} catch (error) {
  logger.error('Operation failed', { error, context });
  throw new AppError('OPERATION_FAILED', error.message);
}

Validation

// Validate at boundaries
function createUser(input) {
  const validated = validateUserInput(input);
  if (!validated.success) {
    throw new ValidationError(validated.errors);
  }
  return userRepository.create(validated.data);
}

Database Operations

// Use transactions for multiple operations
await db.transaction(async (tx) => {
  await tx.users.create(userData);
  await tx.accounts.create(accountData);
  await tx.notifications.create(welcomeNotification);
});

Common Patterns

Repository Pattern

class UserRepository {
  async findById(id) { ... }
  async findByEmail(email) { ... }
  async create(data) { ... }
  async update(id, data) { ... }
  async delete(id) { ... }
}

Service Layer

class UserService {
  constructor(userRepo, emailService) {
    this.userRepo = userRepo;
    this.emailService = emailService;
  }

  async registerUser(data) {
    const user = await this.userRepo.create(data);
    await this.emailService.sendWelcome(user);
    return user;
  }
}

Controller/Handler

async function createUserHandler(req, res) {
  try {
    const user = await userService.registerUser(req.body);
    res.status(201).json({ data: user });
  } catch (error) {
    handleError(error, res);
  }
}