firmware

firmware is a skill for Claude Code, Codex from MingyiSecLab/Mingyi-Atlas. It costs 25 tokens per session (577 once invoked), scanned C, original, Apache-2.0.

A procedure for unpacking router and Internet-of-Things firmware and examining its files and web-server programs. Firmware is the software stored on a device that controls how it operates.

In plain words
What is it for?
Use it to extract nested filesystems, inspect startup files and account data, locate embedded web servers and CGI programs, and search binaries for credentials and cryptographic material.
Why use it?
Device firmware can contain hardcoded accounts, hidden web endpoints, and server programs that are not visible from the device's normal interface.

Skill for Claude CodeCodex

Written for no agent in particular: nothing here depends on one.

Good fit Use it to extract nested filesystems, inspect startup files and account data, locate embedded web servers and CGI programs, and search binaries for credentials and cryptographic material.

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Install with agentmods
npx agentmods add skills/mingyiseclab/mingyi-atlas/firmware
Install

Getting it into your agent

One page per mod, every tool's command on it. A separate URL per tool would split the same page into five that compete with each other.

Any agent
npx skills add MingyiSecLab/Mingyi-Atlas --skill firmware
Clone the repo
git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/MingyiSecLab/Mingyi-Atlas

Made for: Claude Code, Codex.

Wrote this? Show the measurements

A badge with what this costs and how it scanned, read live from this page, so it follows the numbers instead of freezing them. Markdown for a README, HTML for a documentation site or a project page.

agentmods badge for firmware

README.md
[![agentmods](https://agentmods.dev/badge/skills/mingyiseclab/mingyi-atlas/firmware/github.svg)](https://agentmods.dev/skills/mingyiseclab/mingyi-atlas/firmware)
Your own site
<a href="https://agentmods.dev/skills/mingyiseclab/mingyi-atlas/firmware"><img src="https://agentmods.dev/badge/skills/mingyiseclab/mingyi-atlas/firmware/github.svg" alt="Measured on agentmods" height="20"></a>

Or the 80×15 button, for a site that already has a row of RSS and ATOM ones. Only the verdict fits; the numbers stay here.

agentmods 80×15 button for firmware

Your own site · 80×15
<a href="https://agentmods.dev/skills/mingyiseclab/mingyi-atlas/firmware"><img src="https://agentmods.dev/badge/skills/mingyiseclab/mingyi-atlas/firmware.svg" alt="Reviewed on agentmods" width="80" height="20"></a>
Per session 25 Skills are progressive disclosure: only the name and description are preloaded; the body loads when the skill is used.
When invoked 577 The whole file, excluding the scripts and references it only reads on demand.
Security scan C 1 finding. A grade says what 26 rules found in the file — not that it is safe.
Origin original No closer match found in the catalogue.
Token cost

What it costs to keep this loaded

Counted locally with the o200k_base tokenizer, which is exact for GPT models; Claude uses its own tokenizer and its counts differ. Treat this as one consistent yardstick across the catalogue rather than a bill. Prices are per million input tokens.

ModelPer sessionOnce invoked
Fable 5.1 $0.00025 $0.00577
Opus 5 $0.00013 $0.00289
Sonnet 5 $0.00005 $0.00115
Haiku 4.5 $0.00003 $0.00058

Measured 6d ago against content hash b42a71d8f77d, method: parsed. Prices are Anthropic first-party input rates as of 2026-09-10, from the pricing page.

Security

Grade C, and why

firmware scanned grade C with 1 finding against 26 rules in 11 categories — prompt injection, anti-refusal, data exfiltration, privilege escalation, supply chain, agent snooping, system-prompt leakage, SSRF and excessive agency — measured 6d ago.

A static scan of the body, not an audit. Every finding is printed with the line that produced it so you can judge whether it matters here. A mod is markdown that instructs an agent; that is exactly why what it instructs is worth reading.

Reaches for credential fileshighPrivilege escalation

SSH keys, cloud credentials, git-credentials, .npmrc, /etc/shadow: reading these is how a config file becomes a credential leak.

cat "$ROOT/etc/shadow" # password hashes — feed to hashcat
src/skills/standard/reverser/firmware/SKILL.md · 62 lines

What it actually says

Firmware Extraction Playbook

1. Extract

apt-get install -y binwalk squashfs-tools cramfsprogs
mkdir -p /workspace/fw && cd /workspace/fw
binwalk -eM /workspace/firmware.bin
find _firmware.bin.extracted -name "squashfs-root" -o -name "rootfs"

2. Map the root

ROOT=$(find _firmware.bin.extracted -type d -name "squashfs-root" | head -1)
ls -la "$ROOT/etc/"
cat "$ROOT/etc/passwd"          # look for hardcoded users
cat "$ROOT/etc/shadow"          # password hashes — feed to hashcat
cat "$ROOT/etc/init.d/S*" 2>/dev/null
cat "$ROOT/etc/rc.d/rc.local" 2>/dev/null

3. Web server binary

find "$ROOT" -name "httpd" -o -name "lighttpd" -o -name "nginx" -o -name "boa"
# For each: bin_identify + bin_strings + bin_symbols_report

CGI binaries under www/cgi-bin/ are the highest-yield targets — often one file per endpoint with direct system() calls from query params.

4. Hardcoded credentials

bin_strings(path=web_server_binary, category_filter="secret")
bin_strings(path=web_server_binary, category_filter="crypto")

Also check for base64 / hex key patterns near strcmp calls (manual audit via Ghidra — use bin_ghidra_script to seed).

5. Authentication bypass audit

Look for:

  • Magic string comparisons (strcmp(user, "admin"))
  • Debug backdoor paths (/debug, /cgi-bin/shell, .sys)
  • UART/JTAG enabled in bootargs (check bootargs.txt in extraction)

6. Cross-reference CVEs

For the extracted busybox / kernel / dropbear / openssl versions:

cve_by_package("busybox", "1.27.2", "OSS-Fuzz")
cve_lookup("CVE-2021-28831,CVE-2023-0464")

7. Record

Add:

  • repo node for the firmware image
  • file nodes for each interesting binary
  • credential nodes for any hardcoded creds
  • vulnerability nodes for each audit finding
  • entrypoint for each cgi-bin path
Changes

What this file has done since we first saw it

Hashed on every crawl. A supply-chain change to an agent config is a question of when, not whether, so the history is kept rather than the latest state alone.

  1. 6d ago First seen · 62 lines · 25 tokens per session scan C b42a71d8f77d

Subscribe to this mod's changes

firmware is a skill published in the GitHub repository MingyiSecLab/Mingyi-Atlas (11 stars, last pushed 2mo ago), licensed Apache-2.0. It adds 25 tokens to every session and 577 once invoked, about $0.0001 per session on Opus 5. A static security scan graded it C with 1 finding (reaches for credential files). No closer match exists in the catalogue, so it is treated as the original; first seen 2026-09-03.