golang-testing

Go Testing

This skill provides comprehensive Go testing patterns extending common testing principles with Go-specific idioms.

Testing Framework

Use the standard go test with table-driven tests as the primary pattern.

Table-Driven Tests

The idiomatic Go testing pattern:

func TestValidateEmail(t *testing.T) {
    tests := []struct {
        name    string
        email   string
        wantErr bool
    }{
        {
            name:    "valid email",
            email:   "[email protected]",
            wantErr: false,
        },
        {
            name:    "missing @",
            email:   "userexample.com",
            wantErr: true,
        },
        {
            name:    "empty string",
            email:   "",
            wantErr: true,
        },
    }

    for _, tt := range tests {
        t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
            err := ValidateEmail(tt.email)
            if (err != nil) != tt.wantErr {
                t.Errorf("ValidateEmail(%q) error = %v, wantErr %v",
                    tt.email, err, tt.wantErr)
            }
        })
    }
}

Benefits:

• Easy to add new test cases
• Clear test case documentation
• Parallel test execution with t.Parallel()
• Isolated subtests with t.Run()

Test Helpers

Use t.Helper() to mark helper functions:

func assertNoError(t *testing.T, err error) {
    t.Helper()
    if err != nil {
        t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
    }
}

func assertEqual(t *testing.T, got, want interface{}) {
    t.Helper()
    if !reflect.DeepEqual(got, want) {
        t.Errorf("got %v, want %v", got, want)
    }
}

Benefits:

• Correct line numbers in test failures
• Reusable test utilities
• Cleaner test code

Test Fixtures

Use t.Cleanup() for resource cleanup:

func testDB(t *testing.T) *sql.DB {
    t.Helper()

    db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3", ":memory:")
    if err != nil {
        t.Fatalf("failed to open test db: %v", err)
    }

    // Cleanup runs after test completes
    t.Cleanup(func() {
        if err := db.Close(); err != nil {
            t.Errorf("failed to close db: %v", err)
        }
    })

    return db
}

func TestUserRepository(t *testing.T) {
    db := testDB(t)
    repo := NewUserRepository(db)
    // ... test logic
}