subscription

Razorpay Subscription Creation

Build a production-grade subscription creation flow. This handles customer creation, duplicate prevention, hosted checkout, and popup-blocked fallback.

Architecture: Hosted Checkout (Not JS SDK)

Use Razorpay's hosted checkout (short_url) instead of the JS SDK popup. Why:

• Works on all browsers (no popup blockers)
• No client-side SDK bundle needed
• Razorpay handles the entire payment UI
• Mobile-friendly by default

API Route: Create Subscription

// app/api/billing/create-subscription/route.ts
import { razorpay } from "@/lib/razorpay";
import { planIdFor, totalCountFor } from "@/lib/billing/plans";

export async function POST(request: Request) {
  // 1. Authenticate user (your auth system)
  const user = await getAuthenticatedUser(request);
  if (!user) return new Response("Unauthorized", { status: 401 });

  const { planKey } = await request.json();

  try {
    // 2. Check for pending subscription (prevent duplicates)
    const existing = await getSubscriptionByUserId(user.id);
    if (existing) {
      const isPending = ["created", "authenticated", "pending"].includes(existing.status);
      const isRecent = Date.now() - existing.createdAt.getTime() < 3600_000; // 1 hour

      if (isPending && isRecent) {
        // Return existing checkout URL — user may have abandoned and returned
        return Response.json({
          shortUrl: null, // Cannot retrieve short_url after creation
          subscriptionId: existing.razorpaySubscriptionId,
          error: "Subscription already pending. Complete existing checkout or wait 1 hour.",
        }, { status: 409 });
      }

      if (isPending && !isRecent) {
        // Stale pending — cancel on Razorpay (best-effort)
        try {
          await razorpay.subscriptions.cancel(existing.razorpaySubscriptionId, false);
        } catch {
          // Ignore — may already be cancelled
        }
      }
    }

    // 3. Create or reuse Razorpay customer
    //    fail_existing: 0 = return existing customer if email matches (upsert)
    const customer = await razorpay.customers.create({
      name: user.name || "Customer",
      email: user.email,
      ...(user.phone ? { contact: user.phone.replace(/[^\d+]/g, "") } : {}),
      fail_existing: 0 as 0 | 1,  // TypeScript SDK quirk — needs explicit cast
    });

    // 4. Create subscription
    const planId = planIdFor(planKey);
    const subscription = await razorpay.subscriptions.create({
      plan_id: planId,
      total_count: totalCountFor(planKey),
      quantity: 1,
      customer_notify: 1,
      notes: {
        userId: user.id,
        planKey,
      },
      ...(user.email ? {
        notify_info: {
          notify_email: user.email,
          ...(user.phone ? { notify_phone: user.phone.replace(/[^\d+]/g, "") } : {}),
        },
      } : {}),
    });

    // 5. Save to database
    await createSubscriptionRecord({
      userId: user.id,
      planKey,
      razorpaySubscriptionId: subscription.id,
      razorpayPlanId: planId,
      razorpayCustomerId: customer.id,
      status: "created",
    });

    // 6. Return hosted checkout URL
    return Response.json({
      shortUrl: subscription.short_url,
      subscriptionId: subscription.id,
    });
  } catch (error) {
    console.error("Failed to create subscription:", error);
    return Response.json({ error: "Something went wrong" }, { status: 500 });
  }
}