equity-valuation-framework

Equity Valuation Framework

Use this skill as the "rules of the game" for valuation decisions and report standardization.

Scope and role

• Purpose: transform already-fetched data into a professional valuation view.
• This skill does not fetch data.
• Upstream data should come from:
  • vnstock-free-expert for company/price/ratio inputs
  • nso-macro-monitor, us-macro-news-monitor, vn-market-news-monitor for macro/news context

When to trigger

• User asks: "value this stock", "is it cheap/expensive", "best stock between A/B/C", "give me bull/base/bear", "build an investment memo".
• User requests a decision-ready report, not only raw metrics.

Required input contract

Accept an input bundle with these sections (missing fields allowed, but must be flagged):

{
  "ticker": "HPG",
  "as_of_date": "YYYY-MM-DD",
  "currency": "VND",
  "financials": {
    "income_statement": {},
    "balance_sheet": {},
    "cash_flow": {},
    "ratios": {}
  },
  "price_history": {
    "daily": [],
    "returns": {
      "1m": null,
      "3m": null,
      "6m": null,
      "12m": null
    }
  },
  "peer_set": ["AAA", "BBB"],
  "macro_snapshot": {},
  "news_digest": {},
  "metadata": {
    "source": "kbs|vci",
    "data_quality_notes": []
  }
}

Execution workflow (ordered)

1. Validate input bundle completeness and freshness.
2. Run the data quality gate and assign initial confidence.
3. Select valuation modules based on available data (Multiples, DCF, sector adaptation).
4. Build bull/base/bear scenarios with explicit assumptions.
5. Triangulate fair value, define safety zone, and list key risks.
6. Apply confidence rubric and disclose gaps that can change conclusions.
7. Return the report using the required section order.

Data quality gate (must run first)

1. Check freshness: state report periods and price cutoff date.
2. Check completeness: identify missing key lines (revenue, EBIT, net income, CFO, debt, equity, shares).
3. Check consistency: basic identity checks (assets = liabilities + equity if available).
4. Mark confidence tier:

• High: complete + recent + internally consistent.
• Medium: minor gaps, valuation still usable.
• Low: major gaps; only directional view allowed.