accessibility-wcag

Accessibility & WCAG

Semantic HTML

<!-- Use semantic elements instead of generic divs -->
<header>
  <nav aria-label="Main navigation">
    <ul>
      <li><a href="/" aria-current="page">Home</a></li>
      <li><a href="/products">Products</a></li>
      <li><a href="/about">About</a></li>
    </ul>
  </nav>
</header>

<main>
  <article>
    <h1>Product Details</h1>
    <section aria-labelledby="specs-heading">
      <h2 id="specs-heading">Specifications</h2>
      <dl>
        <dt>Weight</dt>
        <dd>1.2 kg</dd>
        <dt>Dimensions</dt>
        <dd>30 x 20 x 10 cm</dd>
      </dl>
    </section>
  </article>
</main>

<footer>
  <p>&copy; 2024 Company Name</p>
</footer>

Use <nav>, <main>, <article>, <section>, <aside> instead of <div> for landmarks. Screen readers use these to navigate the page.

ARIA Patterns

function Modal({ isOpen, onClose, title, children }) {
  if (!isOpen) return null;

  return (
    <div
      role="dialog"
      aria-modal="true"
      aria-labelledby="modal-title"
      onKeyDown={(e) => e.key === "Escape" && onClose()}
    >
      <h2 id="modal-title">{title}</h2>
      <div>{children}</div>
      <button onClick={onClose} aria-label="Close dialog">
        <XIcon aria-hidden="true" />
      </button>
    </div>
  );
}

function Tabs({ tabs, activeIndex, onChange }) {
  return (
    <div>
      <div role="tablist" aria-label="Settings sections">
        {tabs.map((tab, i) => (
          <button
            key={tab.id}
            role="tab"
            id={`tab-${tab.id}`}
            aria-selected={i === activeIndex}
            aria-controls={`panel-${tab.id}`}
            tabIndex={i === activeIndex ? 0 : -1}
            onClick={() => onChange(i)}
            onKeyDown={(e) => handleArrowKeys(e, i, tabs.length, onChange)}
          >
            {tab.label}
          </button>
        ))}
      </div>
      {tabs.map((tab, i) => (
        <div
          key={tab.id}
          role="tabpanel"
          id={`panel-${tab.id}`}
          aria-labelledby={`tab-${tab.id}`}
          hidden={i !== activeIndex}
          tabIndex={0}
        >
          {tab.content}
        </div>
      ))}
    </div>
  );
}