real-options-analysis

real-options-analysis is a skill for Claude Code from vivy-yi/finance-skills. It costs 103 tokens per session (1,675 once invoked), scanned A, original, MIT.

An analysis of the extra value created by keeping investment choices open under uncertainty. These choices can include delaying, expanding, reducing, or abandoning a project.

In plain words
What is it for?
Uses a simplified decision-tree model to estimate the value of flexibility in uncertain projects such as research, new products, or expansion. It compares immediate investment with waiting or changing the project's size.
Why use it?
A standard discounted-cash-flow model may miss the value of changing course as new information appears.

Skill for Claude Code

Written for Claude Code: argument-hint in frontmatter. Also seen: mentions CLAUDE.md.

Good fit Uses a simplified decision-tree model to estimate the value of flexibility in uncertain projects such as research, new products, or expansion. It compares immediate investment with waiting or changing the project's size.

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Install with agentmods
npx agentmods add skills/vivy-yi/finance-skills/real-options-analysis
Install

Getting it into your agent

One page per mod, every tool's command on it. A separate URL per tool would split the same page into five that compete with each other.

Any agent
npx skills add vivy-yi/finance-skills --skill real-options-analysis
Clone the repo
git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/vivy-yi/finance-skills

Made for: Claude Code.

Wrote this? Show the measurements

A badge with what this costs and how it scanned, read live from this page, so it follows the numbers instead of freezing them. Markdown for a README, HTML for a documentation site or a project page.

agentmods badge for real-options-analysis

README.md
[![agentmods](https://agentmods.dev/badge/skills/vivy-yi/finance-skills/real-options-analysis/github.svg)](https://agentmods.dev/skills/vivy-yi/finance-skills/real-options-analysis)
Your own site
<a href="https://agentmods.dev/skills/vivy-yi/finance-skills/real-options-analysis"><img src="https://agentmods.dev/badge/skills/vivy-yi/finance-skills/real-options-analysis/github.svg" alt="Measured on agentmods" height="20"></a>

Or the 80×15 button, for a site that already has a row of RSS and ATOM ones. Only the verdict fits; the numbers stay here.

agentmods 80×15 button for real-options-analysis

Your own site · 80×15
<a href="https://agentmods.dev/skills/vivy-yi/finance-skills/real-options-analysis"><img src="https://agentmods.dev/badge/skills/vivy-yi/finance-skills/real-options-analysis.svg" alt="Reviewed on agentmods" width="80" height="20"></a>
Per session 103 Skills are progressive disclosure: only the name and description are preloaded; the body loads when the skill is used.
When invoked 1,675 The whole file, excluding the scripts and references it only reads on demand.
Security scan A 0 findings. A grade says what 26 rules found in the file — not that it is safe.
Origin original No closer match found in the catalogue.
Token cost

What it costs to keep this loaded

Counted locally with the o200k_base tokenizer, which is exact for GPT models; Claude uses its own tokenizer and its counts differ. Treat this as one consistent yardstick across the catalogue rather than a bill. Prices are per million input tokens.

ModelPer sessionOnce invoked
Fable 5.1 $0.00103 $0.01675
Opus 5 $0.00051 $0.00838
Sonnet 5 $0.00021 $0.00335
Haiku 4.5 $0.00010 $0.00168

Measured 9d ago against content hash e96be41f3105, method: parsed. Prices are Anthropic first-party input rates as of 2026-09-12, from the pricing page.

Security

Grade A, and why

real-options-analysis scanned grade A with 0 findings against 26 rules in 11 categories — prompt injection, anti-refusal, data exfiltration, privilege escalation, supply chain, agent snooping, system-prompt leakage, SSRF and excessive agency — measured 9d ago.

A static scan of the body, not an audit. Every finding is printed with the line that produced it so you can judge whether it matters here. A mod is markdown that instructs an agent; that is exactly why what it instructs is worth reading.

Nothing flagged

None of the 26 patterns this scan looks for appear in this file: no shell pipes, no recursive deletes, no credential paths, no hidden text, no instruction-override or anti-refusal phrasing, no agent-config snooping. That is not a guarantee, it is the absence of the things that are checkable.

finance-skills/skills/project-valuation/skills/real-options-analysis/SKILL.md · 178 lines

What it actually says

加载上下文

首次使用时: 读取 ../../CLAUDE.md 获取折现率和风险溢价配置。


/real-options-analysis — 实物期权分析

第一步:判断是否须做实物期权分析

□ 是否须评估实物期权(满足任一即须):
□ 项目 NPV < 0 但有战略价值 → ✅ 须评估
□ 项目不确定性高(研发/新产品线/市场未验证)→ ✅ 须评估
□ 可分阶段投资(可选退出/追加)→ ✅ 须评估
□ 项目涉及专利/独占性资源(战略护城河)→ ✅ 须评估
□ 竞争环境快速变化(可延迟/调整)→ ✅ 须评估

□ 分析类型选择:
□ 延迟期权(Option to Defer):是否应推迟投资
□ 扩张期权(Option to Expand):是否保留扩大规模的的权利
□ 收缩期权(Option to Contract):是否保留缩减规模的权利
□ 放弃期权(Option to Abandon):是否保留放弃项目的权利

□ 不适合实物期权分析:
□ 现金流稳定可预测的运营改善项目
□ 须立即投资否则失去机会
□ 竞争已成熟无灵活性价值

第二步:建立二叉树模型(简化)

□ 项目参数:
□ 初始投资:[X] 万元
□ 项目现值(PV of FCF):[X] 万元
□ 上升因子(u):[X](ln(H)/σ√dt)
□ 下降因子(d):1/u
□ 无风险利率:[X]%(参考同期国债收益率)
□ 不确定性(年化波动率 σ):[X]%(行业参照或主观判断)

□ 二叉树期间:
□ 决策节点:[X] 个(每年 1 个节点)
□ 总分析期:[X] 年

□ 二叉树终值(期末):
□ 上升情景价值:[X] 万元
□ 下降情景价值:[X] 万元

第三步:延迟期权计算(如适用)

□ 参数:
□ 延迟 1 年的期权价值
□ 延迟成本(额外投入/机会成本):[X] 万元

□ 计算:
□ 等待 1 年后投资的 NPV(有不确定性)
□ 延迟期权价值 = max(立即投资 NPV,等待后投资 NPV)

□ 判断:
□ 延迟期权价值 > 延迟成本 → ✅ 应延迟
□ 延迟期权价值 < 延迟成本 → ⚠️ 应立即投资
□ 延迟期权附加价值:[X] 万元

第四步:扩张/放弃期权计算(如适用)

□ 扩张期权:
□ 扩张权利保留(不立即全额投资):
□ 扩张后额外价值:[X] 万元
□ 扩张期权价值:[X] 万元

□ 放弃期权:
□ 项目残值/可变现价值:[X] 万元
□ 放弃期权价值:max(继续价值,残值)
□ 放弃期权价值:[X] 万元

□ 综合期权价值:
□ 总期权价值 = [延迟价值 + 扩张价值 + 放弃价值]
□ 调整后项目价值 = DCF NPV + 总期权价值
□ 调整后项目价值:[NPV + X] = [X] 万元
□ 是否 > 初始投资:[✅ 是 / ❌ 否]

第五步:决策建议

□ 原始 DCF NPV:[X] 万元
□ 期权附加价值:[X] 万元
□ 调整后项目价值:[X] 万元

□ 决策:
□ ✅ DCF NPV > 0 且期权价值进一步增加 → 强烈推荐
□ ✅ DCF NPV > 0,期权价值 > 0 → 推荐(考虑战略灵活性)
□ ⚠️ DCF NPV < 0 但调整后 > 0 → 慎重考虑(须明确期权假设)
□ ❌ 调整后仍 < 0 → 不建议投资

□ 主要期权假设:
□ [假设 1] — 不确定性 σ = [X]% — 依据 [描述]
□ [假设 2] — 无风险利率 = [X]% — 依据 [描述]
□ [假设 3] — [扩张/放弃条件]

□ 风险提示:
□ 期权价值对波动率 σ 敏感
□ σ 主观判断影响大 → 须做敏感性分析
□ 建议:σ 敏感性分析(σ ±[X]%)

输出格式

═══════════════════════════════════════
实物期权分析报告
项目:[项目名称]
报告日期:[YYYY-MM-DD]
═══════════════════════════════════════

【原始 DCF 结果】
□ NPV:[X] 万元 — [✅ >0 / ❌ <0]
□ IRR:[X]%

【期权类型识别】
□ 分析的期权类型:[延迟/扩张/收缩/放弃]
□ 识别理由:[描述]

【期权价值计算】(简化二叉树模型)

| 期权类型   | 期权价值(万)| 计算说明 |
|------------|---------------|----------|
| 延迟期权   | [X]           | [简述]   |
| 扩张期权   | [X]           | [简述]   |
| 放弃期权   | [X]           | [简述]   |
| **合计**   | **[X]**       |          |

【调整后项目价值】
□ DCF NPV:[X] 万元
□ 期权价值:[X] 万元
□ **调整后价值:[X] 万元**

【σ 敏感性分析】
□ σ = [X]%(基准)→ 期权价值 = [X] 万元
□ σ = [X - X]%(乐观)→ 期权价值 = [X] 万元
□ σ = [X + X]%(保守)→ 期权价值 = [X] 万元

【结论】
□ 投资建议:[✅ 推荐 / ⚠️ 慎重 / ❌ 不建议]
□ 主要风险:[...]
□ 须关注假设:[...]
□ 建议条件(如通过):[...]

═══════════════════════════════════════
Changes

What this file has done since we first saw it

Hashed on every crawl. A supply-chain change to an agent config is a question of when, not whether, so the history is kept rather than the latest state alone.

  1. 9d ago First seen · 178 lines · 103 tokens per session scan A e96be41f3105

Subscribe to this mod's changes

real-options-analysis is a skill published in the GitHub repository vivy-yi/finance-skills (29 stars, last pushed 3mo ago), licensed MIT. It adds 103 tokens to every session and 1,675 once invoked, about $0.0005 per session on Opus 5. A static security scan graded it A with 0 findings. No closer match exists in the catalogue, so it is treated as the original; first seen 2026-09-03.

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