middleware

Adding middleware to agents

[!NOTE] The live Learn URL for this old tutorial now resolves to the same canonical middleware page as user-guide/agents/agent-middleware.md: https://learn.microsoft.com/agent-framework/agents/middleware/

Keep this local file only as a compatibility alias for existing references inside the skill catalog.

Learn how to add middleware to your agents in a few simple steps. Middleware allows you to intercept and modify agent interactions for logging, security, and other cross-cutting concerns.

::: zone pivot="programming-language-csharp"

For the current C# walkthrough, use references/official-docs/user-guide/agents/agent-middleware.md.

Current tutorial-level takeaways

1. Register agent-run middleware through AsBuilder().Use(...).
2. Prefer supplying both runFunc and runStreamingFunc; use Use(sharedFunc: ...) only for input inspection that should not rewrite output.
3. Current run middleware examples use AgentSession? session instead of AgentThread? thread.
4. Function middleware is still the right place for approvals, allow/deny policy, and risky-tool interception.
5. Current official C# samples use DefaultAzureCredential and explicitly warn against carrying that default into production unchanged.

::: zone-end ::: zone pivot="programming-language-python"

The live alias now resolves to the canonical middleware article. Use the canonical live docs for current Python examples.

::: zone-end