bio-copy-number-copy-ratio-segmentation

bio-copy-number-copy-ratio-segmentation is a skill for Claude Code, Codex from GPTomics/bioSkills. It costs 138 tokens per session (3,383 once invoked), scanned A, original, MIT.

A guide to turning noisy sequencing depth measurements into copy-number segments, where each segment represents a region with a similar estimated copy number. It covers methods such as circular binary segmentation and hidden Markov models.

In plain words
What is it for?
Use it to normalize read-depth profiles, reduce noise, and identify genomic regions with consistent copy-number ratios.
Why use it?
It separates technical variation from real copy-number changes by addressing biases such as GC content, mappability, and replication timing.

Skill for Claude CodeCodex

Written for no agent in particular: nothing here depends on one.

Good fit Use it to normalize read-depth profiles, reduce noise, and identify genomic regions with consistent copy-number ratios.

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Install with agentmods
npx agentmods add skills/gptomics/bioskills/copy-ratio-segmentation
Install

Getting it into your agent

One page per mod, every tool's command on it. A separate URL per tool would split the same page into five that compete with each other.

Any agent
npx skills add GPTomics/bioSkills --skill copy-ratio-segmentation
Clone the repo
git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/GPTomics/bioSkills

Made for: Claude Code, Codex.

Wrote this? Show the measurements

A badge with what this costs and how it scanned, read live from this page, so it follows the numbers instead of freezing them. Markdown for a README, HTML for a documentation site or a project page.

agentmods badge for bio-copy-number-copy-ratio-segmentation

README.md
[![agentmods](https://agentmods.dev/badge/skills/gptomics/bioskills/copy-ratio-segmentation/github.svg)](https://agentmods.dev/skills/gptomics/bioskills/copy-ratio-segmentation)
Your own site
<a href="https://agentmods.dev/skills/gptomics/bioskills/copy-ratio-segmentation"><img src="https://agentmods.dev/badge/skills/gptomics/bioskills/copy-ratio-segmentation/github.svg" alt="Measured on agentmods" height="20"></a>

Or the 80×15 button, for a site that already has a row of RSS and ATOM ones. Only the verdict fits; the numbers stay here.

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Your own site · 80×15
<a href="https://agentmods.dev/skills/gptomics/bioskills/copy-ratio-segmentation"><img src="https://agentmods.dev/badge/skills/gptomics/bioskills/copy-ratio-segmentation.svg" alt="Reviewed on agentmods" width="80" height="20"></a>
Per session 138 Skills are progressive disclosure: only the name and description are preloaded; the body loads when the skill is used.
When invoked 3,383 The whole file, excluding the scripts and references it only reads on demand.
Security scan A 0 findings. A grade says what 26 rules found in the file — not that it is safe.
Origin original No closer match found in the catalogue.
Token cost

What it costs to keep this loaded

Counted locally with the o200k_base tokenizer, which is exact for GPT models; Claude uses its own tokenizer and its counts differ. Treat this as one consistent yardstick across the catalogue rather than a bill. Prices are per million input tokens.

ModelPer sessionOnce invoked
Fable 5.1 $0.00138 $0.03383
Opus 5 $0.00069 $0.01691
Sonnet 5 $0.00028 $0.00677
Haiku 4.5 $0.00014 $0.00338

Measured 7d ago against content hash 3cfb914c3378, method: parsed. Prices are Anthropic first-party input rates as of 2026-09-10, from the pricing page.

Security

Grade A, and why

bio-copy-number-copy-ratio-segmentation scanned grade A with 0 findings against 26 rules in 11 categories — prompt injection, anti-refusal, data exfiltration, privilege escalation, supply chain, agent snooping, system-prompt leakage, SSRF and excessive agency — measured 7d ago.

A static scan of the body, not an audit. Every finding is printed with the line that produced it so you can judge whether it matters here. A mod is markdown that instructs an agent; that is exactly why what it instructs is worth reading.

Nothing flagged

None of the 26 patterns this scan looks for appear in this file: no shell pipes, no recursive deletes, no credential paths, no hidden text, no instruction-override or anti-refusal phrasing, no agent-config snooping. That is not a guarantee, it is the absence of the things that are checkable.

Origin

Copies of this mod

1 near-identical copy found in the catalogue:

copy-number/copy-ratio-segmentation/SKILL.md · 208 lines

How it starts

The opening of the file, as written. The whole thing — 208 lines — stays where its author put it; the contents beside it link to each section on GitHub.

Version Compatibility

Reference examples tested with: R 4.3+ with DNAcopy 1.76+, Python 3.10+ with numpy 1.26+, pandas 2.2+; QDNAseq 1.38+ (optional, GC/mappability normalization).

Before using code patterns, verify installed versions match. If versions differ:

  • R: packageVersion('DNAcopy') then ?segment to confirm arguments
  • Python: pip show numpy pandas

If code throws an error, introspect the installed package and adapt the example. CBS lives in Bioconductor DNAcopy; HMM segmentation is provided by caller-specific backends (CNVkit uses pomegranate; HaarSeg has its own R/Python packages).

Copy-Ratio Segmentation

"Turn noisy per-bin depth into clean copy-number segments" -> Two stages, both error-prone. First, normalize the depth profile so the only remaining variation is copy number (not GC, mappability, or replication timing). Second, partition the normalized profile into segments of constant copy number. The segmentation algorithm choice has a predictable bias signature, and the diploid-baseline choice can invert every call.

  • R: DNAcopy::segment (CBS, the reference implementation)
  • Python: HMM via pomegranate; HaarSeg via haarseg
  • The output feeds every CNV caller (cnvkit-analysis, gatk-cnv, allele-specific-copy-number)

Stage 1: Why Depth Is Biased Before It Is Copy Number

Raw read depth confounds copy number with three systematic biases:

Bias Cause Correction
GC content PCR efficiency and probe hybridization vary with GC Loess fit of depth vs GC (QDNAseq), or matched normal
Mappability Multi-mapping reads under-counted in repetitive regions Mappability track filter/weight; exclude low-mappability bins
Replication timing Late-replicating DNA is under-represented — the "wave artifact" Matched normal or PoN; GC correction alone does NOT remove it
Capture efficiency Per-probe hybridization varies 10-100x (hybrid capture) Panel of normals — the dominant bias for exomes/panels

Read the full file on GitHub · 208 lines

Files

What ships with it

2 files beside SKILL.md in the same directory: the scripts, references and assets a skill reads on demand. Not counted in the per-session cost; read them before you install if any of them is executable.

Changes

What this file has done since we first saw it

Hashed on every crawl. A supply-chain change to an agent config is a question of when, not whether, so the history is kept rather than the latest state alone.

  1. 7d ago First seen · 208 lines · 138 tokens per session scan A 3cfb914c3378

Subscribe to this mod's changes

bio-copy-number-copy-ratio-segmentation is a skill published in the GitHub repository GPTomics/bioSkills (1,199 stars, last pushed 26d ago), licensed MIT. It adds 138 tokens to every session and 3,383 once invoked, about $0.0007 per session on Opus 5. A static security scan graded it A with 0 findings. No closer match exists in the catalogue, so it is treated as the original; first seen 2026-09-03.

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