bio-comparative-genomics-gene-family-evolution

bio-comparative-genomics-gene-family-evolution is a skill for Claude Code, Codex from GPTomics/bioSkills. It costs 189 tokens per session (6,603 once invoked), scanned A, original, MIT.

A bioinformatics workflow for modelling how gene families expand and shrink across a species tree. A gene family is a group of related genes descended from an older common gene.

In plain words
What is it for?
Use it to estimate family expansion and contraction, reconstruct ancestral family sizes, and identify evolutionary changes in particular lineages.
Why use it?
It helps distinguish lineage-specific gene gains and losses from differences caused by incomplete or uneven genome annotation.

Skill for Claude CodeCodex

Written for no agent in particular: nothing here depends on one.

Good fit Use it to estimate family expansion and contraction, reconstruct ancestral family sizes, and identify evolutionary changes in particular lineages.

Compare 6 skills from other repositories ↓
Install with agentmods
npx agentmods add skills/gptomics/bioskills/gene-family-evolution
Install

Getting it into your agent

One page per mod, every tool's command on it. A separate URL per tool would split the same page into five that compete with each other.

Any agent
npx skills add GPTomics/bioSkills --skill gene-family-evolution
Clone the repo
git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/GPTomics/bioSkills

Made for: Claude Code, Codex.

Wrote this? Show the measurements

A badge with what this costs and how it scanned, read live from this page, so it follows the numbers instead of freezing them. Markdown for a README, HTML for a documentation site or a project page.

agentmods badge for bio-comparative-genomics-gene-family-evolution

README.md
[![agentmods](https://agentmods.dev/badge/skills/gptomics/bioskills/gene-family-evolution/github.svg)](https://agentmods.dev/skills/gptomics/bioskills/gene-family-evolution)
Your own site
<a href="https://agentmods.dev/skills/gptomics/bioskills/gene-family-evolution"><img src="https://agentmods.dev/badge/skills/gptomics/bioskills/gene-family-evolution/github.svg" alt="Measured on agentmods" height="20"></a>

Or the 80×15 button, for a site that already has a row of RSS and ATOM ones. Only the verdict fits; the numbers stay here.

agentmods 80×15 button for bio-comparative-genomics-gene-family-evolution

Your own site · 80×15
<a href="https://agentmods.dev/skills/gptomics/bioskills/gene-family-evolution"><img src="https://agentmods.dev/badge/skills/gptomics/bioskills/gene-family-evolution.svg" alt="Reviewed on agentmods" width="80" height="20"></a>
Per session 189 Skills are progressive disclosure: only the name and description are preloaded; the body loads when the skill is used.
When invoked 6,603 The whole file, excluding the scripts and references it only reads on demand.
Security scan A 1 finding. A grade says what 26 rules found in the file — not that it is safe.
Origin original No closer match found in the catalogue.
Token cost

What it costs to keep this loaded

Counted locally with the o200k_base tokenizer, which is exact for GPT models; Claude uses its own tokenizer and its counts differ. Treat this as one consistent yardstick across the catalogue rather than a bill. Prices are per million input tokens.

ModelPer sessionOnce invoked
Fable 5.1 $0.00189 $0.06603
Opus 5 $0.00095 $0.03302
Sonnet 5 $0.00038 $0.01321
Haiku 4.5 $0.00019 $0.00660

Measured 7d ago against content hash 52d68664c754, method: parsed. Prices are Anthropic first-party input rates as of 2026-09-10, from the pricing page.

Security

Grade A, and why

bio-comparative-genomics-gene-family-evolution scanned grade A with 1 finding against 26 rules in 11 categories — prompt injection, anti-refusal, data exfiltration, privilege escalation, supply chain, agent snooping, system-prompt leakage, SSRF and excessive agency — measured 7d ago.

The scan reads SKILL.md. This mod also ships 1 executable file (examples/cafe5_birth_death_analysis.sh), listed below but not scanned — reading those needs a real analyzer, not pattern matching.

A static scan of the body, not an audit. Every finding is printed with the line that produced it so you can judge whether it matters here. A mod is markdown that instructs an agent; that is exactly why what it instructs is worth reading.

Makes network callslowCapability

Not a fault in itself. Listed so you know the mod talks to something, and to what.

wget http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~csuros/gene_content/count.tar.gz
Origin

Copies of this mod

1 near-identical copy found in the catalogue:

comparative-genomics/gene-family-evolution/SKILL.md · 441 lines

How it starts

The opening of the file, as written. The whole thing — 441 lines — stays where its author put it; the contents beside it link to each section on GitHub.

Version Compatibility

Reference examples tested with: CAFE5 5.1.0+ (Mendes et al 2020 Bioinformatics 36(22-23):5516-5518), Count 11.0319+ (Csurös 2010 Bioinformatics 26:1910), BadiRate 1.35+ (Librado 2012 Bioinformatics 28:279), DupliPHY-Family (Ames et al 2012), CAFExp (legacy CAFE 4.2 -- DEPRECATED; use CAFE5), OrthoFinder 3.0+ for HOG input, R 4.4+, mclust 6.1+, phytools 2.3+, ETE4 4.1.0+ for tree manipulation. ALE/GeneRax/AleRax in companion skill [[gene-tree-species-tree-reconciliation]].

Before using code patterns, verify installed versions match. If versions differ:

  • CLI: cafe5 --help; Count.exe (Java); badirate --help
  • R: packageVersion('phytools')
  • Python: pip show ete4

If code throws CAFE5: lambda did not converge, Count negative branch length, BadiRate gamma not initialized, the most common causes are: (1) annotation heterogeneity inflating family sizes, (2) saturated families (CAFE5 needs reasonable rate variation), (3) negative branch lengths in input tree (Count requires ultrametric). Pre-process: filter OG matrix to families present in >= 50% of species; resolve polytomies; ultrametricize tree.

Gene Family Evolution

"Which gene families expanded or contracted in which lineages?" -> Birth-death models on phylogeny (Hahn 2005; Csurös 2010) treat each orthogroup's per-species count as evolving under a stochastic birth-death process; lineage-specific rate shifts are detected as departures from a global rate. Annotation heterogeneity is the single largest confounder: different annotation pipelines predict different numbers of genes per family, producing apparent lineage-specific expansions that are artifacts of annotation choice (Tonkin-Hill 2020 demonstrated this for bacterial pangenomes). Consistent annotation + BUSCO/Compleasm completeness filtering are mandatory before any birth-death model interpretation. CAFE5 (Mendes et al 2020 Bioinformatics 36:5516) replaces older CAFE versions with gamma-distributed rate categories for more biologically realistic modeling.

Read the full file on GitHub · 441 lines

Files

What ships with it

2 files beside SKILL.md in the same directory: the scripts, references and assets a skill reads on demand. Not counted in the per-session cost; read them before you install if any of them is executable.

Changes

What this file has done since we first saw it

Hashed on every crawl. A supply-chain change to an agent config is a question of when, not whether, so the history is kept rather than the latest state alone.

  1. 7d ago First seen · 441 lines · 189 tokens per session scan A 52d68664c754

Subscribe to this mod's changes

bio-comparative-genomics-gene-family-evolution is a skill published in the GitHub repository GPTomics/bioSkills (1,199 stars, last pushed 26d ago), licensed MIT. It adds 189 tokens to every session and 6,603 once invoked, about $0.0009 per session on Opus 5. A static security scan graded it A with 1 finding (makes network calls). No closer match exists in the catalogue, so it is treated as the original; first seen 2026-09-03.

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