s4h-epistemology-justification

s4h-epistemology-justification is a skill for Claude Code from human-avatar/skills-for-humanity. It costs 122 tokens per session (1,901 once invoked), scanned A, original, MIT.

An analysis of what would genuinely support believing a claim. It traces whether support rests on basic evidence, consistency with other beliefs, or a reliable way of forming judgments.

In plain words
What is it for?
Examine whether a belief is justified and what evidence would strengthen it. Use it to test assumptions, reasoning chains, and the reliability of the process that produced a conclusion.
Why use it?
Feeling certain does not prove that a belief is well supported. This analysis exposes the support behind a belief and helps find its weakest link.

Skill for Claude Code

Written for Claude Code: shipped in a Claude Code plugin. Also seen: names the AskUserQuestion tool.

Part of the skills-for-humanity plugin — 197 skills, 1 hook shipped together

Good fit Examine whether a belief is justified and what evidence would strengthen it. Use it to test assumptions, reasoning chains, and the reliability of the process that produced a conclusion.

Compare 6 skills from other repositories ↓
Install with agentmods
npx agentmods add skills/human-avatar/skills-for-humanity/s4h-epistemology-justification
Install

Getting it into your agent

One page per mod, every tool's command on it. A separate URL per tool would split the same page into five that compete with each other.

Any agent
npx skills add human-avatar/skills-for-humanity --skill s4h-epistemology-justification
Clone the repo
git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/human-avatar/skills-for-humanity

Made for: Claude Code.

Or install skills-for-humanity, the plugin that ships this one along with the rest of its 197 skills, 1 hook.

Wrote this? Show the measurements

A badge with what this costs and how it scanned, read live from this page, so it follows the numbers instead of freezing them. Markdown for a README, HTML for a documentation site or a project page.

agentmods badge for s4h-epistemology-justification

README.md
[![agentmods](https://agentmods.dev/badge/skills/human-avatar/skills-for-humanity/s4h-epistemology-justification/github.svg)](https://agentmods.dev/skills/human-avatar/skills-for-humanity/s4h-epistemology-justification)
Your own site
<a href="https://agentmods.dev/skills/human-avatar/skills-for-humanity/s4h-epistemology-justification"><img src="https://agentmods.dev/badge/skills/human-avatar/skills-for-humanity/s4h-epistemology-justification/github.svg" alt="Measured on agentmods" height="20"></a>

Or the 80×15 button, for a site that already has a row of RSS and ATOM ones. Only the verdict fits; the numbers stay here.

agentmods 80×15 button for s4h-epistemology-justification

Your own site · 80×15
<a href="https://agentmods.dev/skills/human-avatar/skills-for-humanity/s4h-epistemology-justification"><img src="https://agentmods.dev/badge/skills/human-avatar/skills-for-humanity/s4h-epistemology-justification.svg" alt="Reviewed on agentmods" width="80" height="20"></a>
Per session 122 Skills are progressive disclosure: only the name and description are preloaded; the body loads when the skill is used.
When invoked 1,901 The whole file, excluding the scripts and references it only reads on demand.
Security scan A 0 findings. A grade says what 26 rules found in the file — not that it is safe. Third-party audits
  • NVIDIA SkillSpector pass 7 Sept 2026
How audits are shown
Origin original No closer match found in the catalogue.
Token cost

What it costs to keep this loaded

Counted locally with the o200k_base tokenizer, which is exact for GPT models; Claude uses its own tokenizer and its counts differ. Treat this as one consistent yardstick across the catalogue rather than a bill. Prices are per million input tokens.

ModelPer sessionOnce invoked
Fable 5.1 $0.00122 $0.01901
Opus 5 $0.00061 $0.00950
Sonnet 5 $0.00024 $0.00380
Haiku 4.5 $0.00012 $0.00190

Measured 9d ago against content hash 23ae9036e240, method: parsed. Prices are Anthropic first-party input rates as of 2026-09-12, from the pricing page.

Security

Grade A, and why

s4h-epistemology-justification scanned grade A with 0 findings against 26 rules in 11 categories — prompt injection, anti-refusal, data exfiltration, privilege escalation, supply chain, agent snooping, system-prompt leakage, SSRF and excessive agency — measured 9d ago.

A static scan of the body, not an audit. Every finding is printed with the line that produced it so you can judge whether it matters here. A mod is markdown that instructs an agent; that is exactly why what it instructs is worth reading.

Nothing flagged

None of the 26 patterns this scan looks for appear in this file: no shell pipes, no recursive deletes, no credential paths, no hidden text, no instruction-override or anti-refusal phrasing, no agent-config snooping. That is not a guarantee, it is the absence of the things that are checkable.

skills/s4h-epistemology-justification/SKILL.md · 153 lines

How it starts

The opening of the file, as written. The whole thing — 153 lines — stays where its author put it; the contents beside it link to each section on GitHub.

Epistemology: Justification

A belief can feel well-supported without actually being justified. The feeling of certainty is not evidence of justification — it's evidence of confidence, which is a psychological state, not an epistemic one. Justification analysis makes the load-bearing structure of a belief explicit so it can be examined and tested.

Three main structures for how beliefs get justified:

  • Foundationalism: beliefs are justified by tracing back to basic beliefs that are self-evident, incorrigible, or empirically certain. The chain has a floor.
  • Coherentism: beliefs are justified by fitting into a mutually supporting web of other beliefs. No single foundation — the whole web holds itself up.
  • Reliabilism: beliefs are justified if they were produced by a reliable cognitive process (careful observation, valid inference, calibrated expert judgment) — regardless of whether the believer can articulate why.

Most real belief systems are hybrid. The point of analysis is not to pick the right theory of justification — it's to find where the specific belief's justification structure is weakest.


Your Process

Step 1: Identify the Belief State the belief precisely. What exactly is being claimed to be known or justifiably believed? Strip away hedges and weasel words to get the core claim.

Framing check: Confirm the specific belief before continuing. State what you've identified — the actual claim being analyzed and the domain or context it comes from — in one sentence, then use AskUserQuestion:

  • Question: "I'm reading this as: [your one-sentence framing of the specific belief and its context]. Is that right?"
  • Header: "Framing"
  • Options:
    • Yes — proceed — framing is correct
    • Adjust — one element is off; user will correct it before you continue
    • Reframe — different belief than read; incorporate the correction before proceeding

Step 2: Trace the Justification Chain Ask: "What makes you think that?" Recursively trace the answer until you hit one of three stopping points:

  • A basic belief that seems self-evident or foundational (foundationalism)
  • A cluster of mutually supporting beliefs with no clear floor (coherentism)
  • "This is the output of a process I trust" — e.g., experiment, calibrated expert judgment (reliabilism)

Read the full file on GitHub · 153 lines

Changes

What this file has done since we first saw it

Hashed on every crawl. A supply-chain change to an agent config is a question of when, not whether, so the history is kept rather than the latest state alone.

  1. 9d ago First seen · 153 lines · 122 tokens per session scan A 23ae9036e240

Subscribe to this mod's changes

s4h-epistemology-justification is a skill published in the GitHub repository human-avatar/skills-for-humanity (223 stars, last pushed 1mo ago), licensed MIT. It adds 122 tokens to every session and 1,901 once invoked, about $0.0006 per session on Opus 5. A static security scan graded it A with 0 findings. No closer match exists in the catalogue, so it is treated as the original; first seen 2026-09-03.

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