tao-generate-referring-expressions

tao-generate-referring-expressions is a skill for Claude Code from NVIDIA-TAO/tao-skill-bank. It costs 143 tokens per session (2,656 once invoked), scanned A, original, Apache-2.0.

An image-annotation pipeline that turns pictures and KITTI-format object labels into descriptions tied to specific image regions.

In plain words
What is it for?
Use it to create region descriptions, scene captions, grouped phrases linked to bounding boxes, and an optional verification pass that checks the annotations against the image.
Why use it?
It reduces the manual work of writing object descriptions, whole-image captions, and phrases that identify labeled objects by their location.

Skill for Claude Code

Written for Claude Code: allowed-tools in frontmatter.

Part of the tao-skills plugin — 76 skills shipped together , and of tao-skill-bank

Good fit Use it to create region descriptions, scene captions, grouped phrases linked to bounding boxes, and an optional verification pass that checks the annotations against the image.

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Install with agentmods
npx agentmods add skills/nvidia-tao/tao-skill-bank/tao-generate-referring-expressions
Install

Getting it into your agent

One page per mod, every tool's command on it. A separate URL per tool would split the same page into five that compete with each other.

Any agent
npx skills add NVIDIA-TAO/tao-skill-bank --skill tao-generate-referring-expressions
Clone the repo
git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/NVIDIA-TAO/tao-skill-bank

Made for: Claude Code.

Or install tao-skills, the plugin that ships this one along with the rest of its 76 skills.

Wrote this? Show the measurements

A badge with what this costs and how it scanned, read live from this page, so it follows the numbers instead of freezing them. Markdown for a README, HTML for a documentation site or a project page.

agentmods badge for tao-generate-referring-expressions

README.md
[![agentmods](https://agentmods.dev/badge/skills/nvidia-tao/tao-skill-bank/tao-generate-referring-expressions/github.svg)](https://agentmods.dev/skills/nvidia-tao/tao-skill-bank/tao-generate-referring-expressions)
Your own site
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agentmods 80×15 button for tao-generate-referring-expressions

Your own site · 80×15
<a href="https://agentmods.dev/skills/nvidia-tao/tao-skill-bank/tao-generate-referring-expressions"><img src="https://agentmods.dev/badge/skills/nvidia-tao/tao-skill-bank/tao-generate-referring-expressions.svg" alt="Reviewed on agentmods" width="80" height="20"></a>
Per session 143 Skills are progressive disclosure: only the name and description are preloaded; the body loads when the skill is used.
When invoked 2,656 The whole file, excluding the scripts and references it only reads on demand.
Security scan A 0 findings. A grade says what 26 rules found in the file — not that it is safe. Third-party audits
  • NVIDIA SkillSpector warn 7 Sept 2026
SkillSpector: 1 finding, up to medium

These are SkillSpector’s own severities. On a checked sample its high-severity flags on skills were ~96% false positives — a documented command, a public API, a “never do X” rule — so we show them as a caution to read, not a verdict. Why →

  • medium Excessive Agency · line 74
    Skill enables autonomous high-impact decisions without human-in-the-loop verification. Critical operations (destructive commands, financial transactions, data deletion) should require explicit user confirmation.
    Fix: Add human-in-the-loop confirmation for destructive, irreversible, or high-impact operations. Never auto-execute commands that modify files, send data, or alter system state.
How audits are shown
Origin original No closer match found in the catalogue.
Token cost

What it costs to keep this loaded

Counted locally with the o200k_base tokenizer, which is exact for GPT models; Claude uses its own tokenizer and its counts differ. Treat this as one consistent yardstick across the catalogue rather than a bill. Prices are per million input tokens.

ModelPer sessionOnce invoked
Fable 5.1 $0.00143 $0.02656
Opus 5 $0.00072 $0.01328
Sonnet 5 $0.00029 $0.00531
Haiku 4.5 $0.00014 $0.00266

Measured 12d ago against content hash 8db9b45d1c2e, method: parsed. Prices are Anthropic first-party input rates as of 2026-09-12, from the pricing page.

Security

Grade A, and why

tao-generate-referring-expressions scanned grade A with 0 findings against 26 rules in 11 categories — prompt injection, anti-refusal, data exfiltration, privilege escalation, supply chain, agent snooping, system-prompt leakage, SSRF and excessive agency — measured 12d ago.

A static scan of the body, not an audit. Every finding is printed with the line that produced it so you can judge whether it matters here. A mod is markdown that instructs an agent; that is exactly why what it instructs is worth reading.

Nothing flagged

None of the 26 patterns this scan looks for appear in this file: no shell pipes, no recursive deletes, no credential paths, no hidden text, no instruction-override or anti-refusal phrasing, no agent-config snooping. That is not a guarantee, it is the absence of the things that are checkable.

skills/data/tao-generate-referring-expressions/SKILL.md · 145 lines

How it starts

The opening of the file, as written. The whole thing — 145 lines — stays where its author put it; the contents beside it link to each section on GitHub.

Image Referring Expression Pipeline

Standalone install? If this session was not initialized by the TAO skill bank plugin, run the tao-setup skill first (host preflight, credentials, cross-skill discovery).

Generate referring-expression and grounding annotations from images with KITTI-format bounding box labels. A single VLM (Gemini or any OpenAI-compatible endpoint) runs four steps: per-object region descriptions, holistic image captions, grouped grounding expressions tied to bboxes, and an optional double-check verification pass.

Purpose

Transform (image, KITTI labels) pairs into a unified annotations.jsonl containing rich, grounded referring expressions. The VLM acts as a "teacher" annotator: Steps 0-1 see the image; Step 2 groups Step 0 outputs into grouping phrases with bbox lists; Step 3 (optional) re-examines those bboxes against the image and corrects mismatches.

Pipeline Architecture

Step 0: Region expression  ──┐
                              ├──▶  Step 2: Grounding expression  ──▶  [Step 3: Double check]
Step 1: Image caption  ──────┘                                                   (optional)
  • Step 0 (region_expr) — VLM emits one short discriminative phrase per KITTI bbox (bbox_2d, type, color, description).
  • Step 1 (image_caption) — VLM emits a holistic, location-agnostic scene caption.
  • Step 2 (grounding_expr) — VLM groups Step 0 objects into grouping phrases and returns one bbox list per group, optionally using Step 1's caption as extra context.
  • Step 3 (double_check) — VLM re-checks each Step 2 bbox against the image; bad matches are removed, slightly-off boxes get tightened.

Steps 0 and 1 run in parallel within a single thread pool (they only depend on the seed records). Each step writes its own step_<N>_*/annotations.jsonl and skips already-processed images on re-run unless workflow.force_reprocess: true.

Instructions

Initial setup

When a user wants to run this pipeline, walk through these steps:

Read the full file on GitHub · 145 lines

Files

What ships with it

7 files beside SKILL.md in the same directory: the scripts, references and assets a skill reads on demand. Not counted in the per-session cost; read them before you install if any of them is executable.

Changes

What this file has done since we first saw it

Hashed on every crawl. A supply-chain change to an agent config is a question of when, not whether, so the history is kept rather than the latest state alone.

  1. 12d ago First seen · 145 lines · 143 tokens per session scan A 8db9b45d1c2e

Subscribe to this mod's changes

tao-generate-referring-expressions is a skill published in the GitHub repository NVIDIA-TAO/tao-skill-bank (88 stars, last pushed today), licensed Apache-2.0. It adds 143 tokens to every session and 2,656 once invoked, about $0.0007 per session on Opus 5. A static security scan graded it A with 0 findings. No closer match exists in the catalogue, so it is treated as the original; first seen 2026-08-30.

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