formulating-biological-findings

formulating-biological-findings is a skill for Claude Code from MannLabs/proteomics-agent-skills. It costs 30 tokens per session (685 once invoked), scanned A, original, Apache-2.0.

Guidance for interpreting completed proteomics analyses and turning changed-protein lists into biological or clinical findings. It considers protein relationships, biological pathways, gene sets, and disease context.

In plain words
What is it for?
Performing functional and ontology analysis, examining pathways and protein complexes, adding biological context, prioritizing findings, and recording the interpretation.
Why use it?
It helps move from statistical results to a reasoned explanation of what the protein changes may mean. It also encourages critical review and prioritization before documenting conclusions.

Skill for Claude Code

Written for Claude Code: shipped in a Claude Code plugin.

Part of the proteomics plugin — 11 skills shipped together

Good fit Performing functional and ontology analysis, examining pathways and protein complexes, adding biological context, prioritizing findings, and recording the interpretation.

Compare 6 skills from other repositories ↓
Install with agentmods
npx agentmods add skills/mannlabs/proteomics-agent-skills/formulating_biological_findings
Install

Getting it into your agent

One page per mod, every tool's command on it. A separate URL per tool would split the same page into five that compete with each other.

Any agent
npx skills add MannLabs/proteomics-agent-skills --skill formulating_biological_findings
Clone the repo
git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/MannLabs/proteomics-agent-skills

Made for: Claude Code.

Or install proteomics, the plugin that ships this one along with the rest of its 11 skills.

Wrote this? Show the measurements

A badge with what this costs and how it scanned, read live from this page, so it follows the numbers instead of freezing them. Markdown for a README, HTML for a documentation site or a project page.

agentmods badge for formulating-biological-findings

README.md
[![agentmods](https://agentmods.dev/badge/skills/mannlabs/proteomics-agent-skills/formulating_biological_findings/github.svg)](https://agentmods.dev/skills/mannlabs/proteomics-agent-skills/formulating_biological_findings)
Your own site
<a href="https://agentmods.dev/skills/mannlabs/proteomics-agent-skills/formulating_biological_findings"><img src="https://agentmods.dev/badge/skills/mannlabs/proteomics-agent-skills/formulating_biological_findings/github.svg" alt="Measured on agentmods" height="20"></a>

Or the 80×15 button, for a site that already has a row of RSS and ATOM ones. Only the verdict fits; the numbers stay here.

agentmods 80×15 button for formulating-biological-findings

Your own site · 80×15
<a href="https://agentmods.dev/skills/mannlabs/proteomics-agent-skills/formulating_biological_findings"><img src="https://agentmods.dev/badge/skills/mannlabs/proteomics-agent-skills/formulating_biological_findings.svg" alt="Reviewed on agentmods" width="80" height="20"></a>
Per session 30 Skills are progressive disclosure: only the name and description are preloaded; the body loads when the skill is used.
When invoked 685 The whole file, excluding the scripts and references it only reads on demand.
Security scan A 0 findings. A grade says what 26 rules found in the file — not that it is safe.
Origin original No closer match found in the catalogue.
Token cost

What it costs to keep this loaded

Counted locally with the o200k_base tokenizer, which is exact for GPT models; Claude uses its own tokenizer and its counts differ. Treat this as one consistent yardstick across the catalogue rather than a bill. Prices are per million input tokens.

ModelPer sessionOnce invoked
Fable 5.1 $0.00030 $0.00685
Opus 5 $0.00015 $0.00342
Sonnet 5 $0.00006 $0.00137
Haiku 4.5 $0.00003 $0.00068

Measured 11d ago against content hash 7b4d2d8bf6af, method: parsed. Prices are Anthropic first-party input rates as of 2026-09-11, from the pricing page.

Security

Grade A, and why

formulating-biological-findings scanned grade A with 0 findings against 26 rules in 11 categories — prompt injection, anti-refusal, data exfiltration, privilege escalation, supply chain, agent snooping, system-prompt leakage, SSRF and excessive agency — measured 11d ago.

A static scan of the body, not an audit. Every finding is printed with the line that produced it so you can judge whether it matters here. A mod is markdown that instructs an agent; that is exactly why what it instructs is worth reading.

Nothing flagged

None of the 26 patterns this scan looks for appear in this file: no shell pipes, no recursive deletes, no credential paths, no hidden text, no instruction-override or anti-refusal phrasing, no agent-config snooping. That is not a guarantee, it is the absence of the things that are checkable.

plugins/proteomics/skills/formulating_biological_findings/SKILL.md · 86 lines

How it starts

The opening of the file, as written. The whole thing — 86 lines — stays where its author put it; the contents beside it link to each section on GitHub.

Formulating Biological Findings from Proteomics Data

This skill guides the transition from the analysis of differentially expressed proteins (upregulated and downregulated) to the synthesis of findings that highlight protein interactions, pathway cross-talk, or potential roles in disease.

Use When

Use when all preprocessing steps (including data reading, QC, preprocessing, statistical testing) are complete, and only the biological/clinical interpretation remains.

Workflow

Checklist

Copy this checklist to track your progress:

finding Generation Progress:
- [ ] Step 1: Functional Analysis
- [ ] Step 2: Ontology Analysis
- [ ] Step 3: Critical Review
- [ ] Step 4: Biological Context
- [ ] Step 5: Focused Analysis & Prioritization
- [ ] Step 6: Deeper Analysis
- [ ] Step 7: Documentation

Detailed Instructions

Step 1: Functional Analysis

  • Identify relationships between differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) using your broad biological knowledge and functional protein annotations (e.g. in uniprot)
  • Investigate whether differentially expressed proteins are functionally related, e.g. via biochemical pathways or gene sets, or protein complexes.

Step 2: Ontology Analysis

  • Interpret enrichment results (e.g., GSEA/ORA) if available
  • Examine which cellular processes are most affected based on protein changes
  • Identify shared proteins between pathways (leading edges) as potential regulatory hubs

Step 3: Critical Review

  • Review all collected information
  • Flag contradictions between different analyses
  • Identify repeating patterns across analyses

Step 4: Biological Context

  • Consider the experimental design and research question for interpretation
  • Explain implications of changes across biological scales (organelles, cells, organs, organism)
  • Assess how these changes might affect overall biological function

Step 5: Focused Analysis & Prioritization

  • Recommend 3–5 key aspects for further investigation (e.g., specific ontology terms, mechanisms, or homeostatic pathways)
  • Explain the scientific rationale for each recommendation
  • Select the most promising aspect for deep-dive analysis in the next step

Read the full file on GitHub · 86 lines

Changes

What this file has done since we first saw it

Hashed on every crawl. A supply-chain change to an agent config is a question of when, not whether, so the history is kept rather than the latest state alone.

  1. 11d ago First seen · 86 lines · 30 tokens per session scan A 7b4d2d8bf6af

Subscribe to this mod's changes

formulating-biological-findings is a skill published in the GitHub repository MannLabs/proteomics-agent-skills (14 stars, last pushed 1mo ago), licensed Apache-2.0. It adds 30 tokens to every session and 685 once invoked, about $0.0002 per session on Opus 5. A static security scan graded it A with 0 findings. No closer match exists in the catalogue, so it is treated as the original; first seen 2026-08-30.

Related

Other skills, from other repositories

proteomics-data-import

Load when ingesting a MaxQuant proteinGroups.txt, FragPipe combinedprotein.tsv, DIA-NN report, or generic CSV / TSV protein-quantification table — normalises columns to a standard schema, emits tables/proteins.csv. Skip when raw spectra are the input (run the search engine first); the file is already OmicsClaw schema.

TianGzlab/OmicsClaw · 81 tokens

proteomics-de

Load when computing two-group differential protein abundance (group2 vs group1, log2FC + p-value + BH-adjusted FDR) via Welch t-test, equal-variance t-test, or Mann-Whitney on a wide protein × sample CSV. Skip when you need multi-condition DE (run pairwise contrasts manually); label-based TMT linear-mixed models.

TianGzlab/OmicsClaw · 79 tokens

proteomics-enrichment

Load when running over-representation analysis (ORA) on a list of proteins via Fisher's exact test against a built-in 8-pathway DEMO dictionary, with BH-FDR correction. Skip when needing a real pathway database (this skill is demo-only) (use bulkrna-enrichment); rank-based GSEA.

TianGzlab/OmicsClaw · 70 tokens

proteomics-identification

Load when summarising peptide identifications (PSM count, unique peptide count, distinct protein count, score / charge distributions) from a peptide-level CSV produced by MaxQuant / FragPipe / DIA-NN. Skip when raw spectra are the input (run a search engine first); working with protein-quantification tables (use…

TianGzlab/OmicsClaw · 76 tokens

proteomics-ptm

Load when summarising PTM sites (phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, etc.) from a per-site CSV — site-class assignment (Olsen et al. Class I/II/III by localizationprobability), per-PTM-type counts, amino-acid distribution, sites-per-protein. Skip when raw spectra are the input; you only need protein-level…

TianGzlab/OmicsClaw · 95 tokens

proteomics-quantification

Load when computing per-protein abundance from a peptide / PSM table via LFQ (intensity summation), iBAQ (intensity / tryptic peptide count), or spectral counting (PSMs per protein). Skip when the input is already protein-level (use proteomics-ms-qc); label-based TMT / iTRAQ workflows (search upstream first).

TianGzlab/OmicsClaw · 80 tokens