bio-comparative-genomics-ortholog-inference

bio-comparative-genomics-ortholog-inference is a skill for Claude Code, Codex from PKU-YuanGroup/OpenAI4S. It costs 168 tokens per session (9,194 once invoked), scanned A, a copy of bio-comparative-genomics-ortholog-inference, MIT.

A set of methods for finding equivalent genes or gene families across different species. Orthologs are genes separated by speciation, while related copies created by duplication are called paralogs.

In plain words
What is it for?
Use it to group genes into orthologous families, find single-copy genes, annotate related proteins, and prepare data for cross-species tree building.
Why use it?
It helps select comparable genes for evolutionary studies and prevents duplicated genes from being mistaken for direct species-to-species counterparts.

Skill for Claude CodeCodex

Written for no agent in particular: nothing here depends on one.

Needs its repository: it runs a file that does not travel with it, so clone the repository first. The line is python tools/primary_transcript.py $f > cleaned/$(basename $f).

Good fit Use it to group genes into orthologous families, find single-copy genes, annotate related proteins, and prepare data for cross-species tree building.

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Install

Getting it into your agent

It runs from inside its repository, so the clone comes first — what it calls does not travel with the file alone.

Clone the repo
git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/PKU-YuanGroup/OpenAI4S
agentmods
npx agentmods add skills/pku-yuangroup/openai4s/bio-comparative-genomics-ortholog-inference

Made for: Claude Code, Codex.

Wrote this? Show the measurements

A badge with what this costs and how it scanned, read live from this page, so it follows the numbers instead of freezing them. Markdown for a README, HTML for a documentation site or a project page.

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README.md
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Per session 168 Skills are progressive disclosure: only the name and description are preloaded; the body loads when the skill is used.
When invoked 9,194 The whole file, excluding the scripts and references it only reads on demand.
Security scan A 1 finding. A grade says what 26 rules found in the file — not that it is safe.
Origin 100% copy Near-identical to another mod in the catalogue.
Token cost

What it costs to keep this loaded

Counted locally with the o200k_base tokenizer, which is exact for GPT models; Claude uses its own tokenizer and its counts differ. Treat this as one consistent yardstick across the catalogue rather than a bill. Prices are per million input tokens.

ModelPer sessionOnce invoked
Fable 5.1 $0.00168 $0.09194
Opus 5 $0.00084 $0.04597
Sonnet 5 $0.00034 $0.01839
Haiku 4.5 $0.00017 $0.00919

Measured 9d ago against content hash 09fc50c58975, method: parsed. Prices are Anthropic first-party input rates as of 2026-09-12, from the pricing page.

Security

Grade A, and why

bio-comparative-genomics-ortholog-inference scanned grade A with 1 finding against 26 rules in 11 categories — prompt injection, anti-refusal, data exfiltration, privilege escalation, supply chain, agent snooping, system-prompt leakage, SSRF and excessive agency — measured 9d ago.

The scan reads SKILL.md. This mod also ships 1 executable file (scripts/ortholog_analysis.py), listed below but not scanned — reading those needs a real analyzer, not pattern matching.

A static scan of the body, not an audit. Every finding is printed with the line that produced it so you can judge whether it matters here. A mod is markdown that instructs an agent; that is exactly why what it instructs is worth reading.

Makes network callslowCapability

Not a fault in itself. Listed so you know the mod talks to something, and to what.

wget https://omabrowser.org/standalone/OMA.tgz && tar xf OMA.tgz && cd OMA && ./install.sh
Origin

This is a copy

100% identical to bio-comparative-genomics-ortholog-inference — 12 lines differ, which has more behind it and is treated as the original. This page carries a canonical link to it rather than competing with it.

skills/bioskills/bio-comparative-genomics-ortholog-inference/SKILL.md · 454 lines

How it starts

The opening of the file, as written. The whole thing — 454 lines — stays where its author put it; the contents beside it link to each section on GitHub.

Version Compatibility

Reference examples tested with: OrthoFinder 3.0+ (Emms et al 2026 Nat Methods 23:1327), SonicParanoid 2.0.8+ (Cosentino 2024), Broccoli 1.2+ (Derelle 2020), ProteinOrtho 6.3.0+ (Lechner 2011 + recent), OMA standalone 2.6.0+, FastOMA 0.3.5+ (Majidian 2025), eggNOG-mapper 2.1.12+, JustOrthologs 2.0+, DIAMOND 2.1.10+, MMseqs2 17-b804f+, IQ-TREE 2.3.6+, BUSCO 5.7+, Compleasm 0.2.7+, BioPython 1.84+, R 4.4+ for downstream tree-based reconciliation.

Before using code patterns, verify installed versions match. If versions differ:

  • CLI: orthofinder --help; sonicparanoid --help; oma --help
  • Python: pip show eggnog-mapper; which fastoma

If code throws Diamond requires N more sequences than provided, KeyError on species tree taxa, STAG branch length 0, or HOG file format mismatch, the OrthoFinder v2 -> v3 file layout changed (Orthogroups/ -> Phylogenetic_Hierarchical_Orthogroups/; rooted gene trees are now per-HOG); update parsing accordingly.

Ortholog Inference

"Find the orthologs of my gene(s) across these species" -> Choose between graph-based (RBH / similarity-clustering: fast, lower recall) and tree-based (gene-tree reconciliation: higher accuracy, slower) frameworks; recognize that "orthology" splits into 1:1, 1:many, many:many, and the practical unit for most pipelines is the HOG (Hierarchical Orthologous Group) -- a maximal cluster of genes descended from a single ancestral gene at a defined taxonomic level (Altenhoff 2013 PLoS ONE 8:e53786). The "ortholog conjecture" (orthologs more functionally similar than paralogs) is supported but weakly (Altenhoff 2012 PLoS Comp Biol 8:e1002514); don't treat 1:1 ortholog labeling as automatic functional equivalence.

  • CLI: orthofinder -f proteomes/ -t 16 -M msa -- HOG output in v3 layout
  • CLI: sonicparanoid -i proteomes/ -o output --mode default -- ML predictor + protein language model
  • CLI: broccoli.py -dir proteomes/ -threads 16 -- direct OG with chimeric handling
  • CLI: oma standalone HOG inference at every taxonomic level
  • CLI: proteinortho6.pl --project=run proteomes/*.faa -- graph clustering with optional synteny
  • CLI: emapper.py -i proteins.faa --output project --cpu 16 -- eggNOG annotation transfer

Read the full file on GitHub · 454 lines

Files

What ships with it

2 files beside SKILL.md in the same directory: the scripts, references and assets a skill reads on demand. Not counted in the per-session cost; read them before you install if any of them is executable.

Changes

What this file has done since we first saw it

Hashed on every crawl. A supply-chain change to an agent config is a question of when, not whether, so the history is kept rather than the latest state alone.

  1. 9d ago First seen · 454 lines · 168 tokens per session scan A 09fc50c58975

Subscribe to this mod's changes

bio-comparative-genomics-ortholog-inference is a skill published in the GitHub repository PKU-YuanGroup/OpenAI4S (407 stars, last pushed yesterday), licensed MIT. It adds 168 tokens to every session and 9,194 once invoked, about $0.0008 per session on Opus 5. A static security scan graded it A with 1 finding (makes network calls). It is 100% identical to bio-comparative-genomics-ortholog-inference, differing in 12 lines, and is treated as a copy.

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