bio-comparative-genomics-whole-genome-duplication

bio-comparative-genomics-whole-genome-duplication is a skill for Claude Code, Codex from PKU-YuanGroup/OpenAI4S. It costs 221 tokens per session (7,998 once invoked), scanned A, a copy of bio-comparative-genomics-whole-genome-duplication, MIT.

A workflow for detecting and dating whole-genome duplication, an event in which an organism gains an extra copy of its entire genome. It combines duplicated-gene patterns, evolutionary trees, and sequence-change estimates.

In plain words
What is it for?
Use it to test for ancient genome duplications, estimate when they occurred, compare duplicate gene blocks, and connect them with species relationships.
Why use it?
Duplicated genes can come from many causes, so their presence alone does not prove a whole-genome duplication. Multiple analyses help identify the event and place it in evolutionary history.

Skill for Claude CodeCodex

Written for no agent in particular: nothing here depends on one.

Good fit Use it to test for ancient genome duplications, estimate when they occurred, compare duplicate gene blocks, and connect them with species relationships.

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Install with agentmods
npx agentmods add skills/pku-yuangroup/openai4s/bio-comparative-genomics-whole-genome-duplication
Install

Getting it into your agent

One page per mod, every tool's command on it. A separate URL per tool would split the same page into five that compete with each other.

Any agent
npx skills add PKU-YuanGroup/OpenAI4S --skill bio-comparative-genomics-whole-genome-duplication
Clone the repo
git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/PKU-YuanGroup/OpenAI4S

Made for: Claude Code, Codex.

Wrote this? Show the measurements

A badge with what this costs and how it scanned, read live from this page, so it follows the numbers instead of freezing them. Markdown for a README, HTML for a documentation site or a project page.

agentmods badge for bio-comparative-genomics-whole-genome-duplication

README.md
[![agentmods](https://agentmods.dev/badge/skills/pku-yuangroup/openai4s/bio-comparative-genomics-whole-genome-duplication/github.svg)](https://agentmods.dev/skills/pku-yuangroup/openai4s/bio-comparative-genomics-whole-genome-duplication)
Your own site
<a href="https://agentmods.dev/skills/pku-yuangroup/openai4s/bio-comparative-genomics-whole-genome-duplication"><img src="https://agentmods.dev/badge/skills/pku-yuangroup/openai4s/bio-comparative-genomics-whole-genome-duplication/github.svg" alt="Measured on agentmods" height="20"></a>

Or the 80×15 button, for a site that already has a row of RSS and ATOM ones. Only the verdict fits; the numbers stay here.

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Your own site · 80×15
<a href="https://agentmods.dev/skills/pku-yuangroup/openai4s/bio-comparative-genomics-whole-genome-duplication"><img src="https://agentmods.dev/badge/skills/pku-yuangroup/openai4s/bio-comparative-genomics-whole-genome-duplication.svg" alt="Reviewed on agentmods" width="80" height="20"></a>
Per session 221 Skills are progressive disclosure: only the name and description are preloaded; the body loads when the skill is used.
When invoked 7,998 The whole file, excluding the scripts and references it only reads on demand.
Security scan A 0 findings. A grade says what 26 rules found in the file — not that it is safe.
Origin 95% copy Near-identical to another mod in the catalogue.
Token cost

What it costs to keep this loaded

Counted locally with the o200k_base tokenizer, which is exact for GPT models; Claude uses its own tokenizer and its counts differ. Treat this as one consistent yardstick across the catalogue rather than a bill. Prices are per million input tokens.

ModelPer sessionOnce invoked
Fable 5.1 $0.00221 $0.07998
Opus 5 $0.00111 $0.03999
Sonnet 5 $0.00044 $0.01600
Haiku 4.5 $0.00022 $0.00800

Measured 9d ago against content hash 4ee13807bc3a, method: parsed. Prices are Anthropic first-party input rates as of 2026-09-12, from the pricing page.

Security

Grade A, and why

bio-comparative-genomics-whole-genome-duplication scanned grade A with 0 findings against 26 rules in 11 categories — prompt injection, anti-refusal, data exfiltration, privilege escalation, supply chain, agent snooping, system-prompt leakage, SSRF and excessive agency — measured 9d ago.

The scan reads SKILL.md. This mod also ships 1 executable file (scripts/wgd_v2_ks_pipeline.sh), listed below but not scanned — reading those needs a real analyzer, not pattern matching.

A static scan of the body, not an audit. Every finding is printed with the line that produced it so you can judge whether it matters here. A mod is markdown that instructs an agent; that is exactly why what it instructs is worth reading.

Nothing flagged

None of the 26 patterns this scan looks for appear in this file: no shell pipes, no recursive deletes, no credential paths, no hidden text, no instruction-override or anti-refusal phrasing, no agent-config snooping. That is not a guarantee, it is the absence of the things that are checkable.

Origin

This is a copy

95% identical to bio-comparative-genomics-whole-genome-duplication — 12 lines differ, which has more behind it and is treated as the original. This page carries a canonical link to it rather than competing with it.

skills/bioskills/bio-comparative-genomics-whole-genome-duplication/SKILL.md · 460 lines

How it starts

The opening of the file, as written. The whole thing — 460 lines — stays where its author put it; the contents beside it link to each section on GitHub.

Version Compatibility

Reference examples tested with: wgd v2.0.31+ (heche-psb/wgd; Chen et al 2024 Bioinformatics 40:btae272), KsRates 1.1.3+ (VIB-PSB/ksrates; Sensalari 2022 Bioinformatics 38:530), DupGen_finder (Qiao 2019 Genome Biol 20:38), MAPS 1.0 (Li 2018), POInT (Conant lab), SLEDGe (bioRxiv 2024.01.17.574559), Whale.jl 2.0+, ksrates pip 1.1+, MCScanX 1.0+, PAML 4.10+ (yn00/codeml for Ks), BLAT 36+, DIAMOND 2.1+, R 4.4+, mclust 6.1+ (for mixture models). Python 3.10+ required for wgd v2.

Before using code patterns, verify installed versions match. If versions differ:

  • CLI: wgd --version; ksrates --version; wgd ksd --help
  • Python: pip show wgd ksrates
  • R: packageVersion('mclust')

If code throws wgd ksd: cannot find PAML output, KsRates: insufficient sister species, MAPS: missing tree, these tools have specific input expectations: wgd needs codon-aware MAFFT/MUSCLE alignment; KsRates needs configured config_ksrates.txt; MAPS needs nucleotide tree. The deprecated arzwa/wgd v1 is replaced by heche-psb/wgd v2.

Whole Genome Duplication Analysis

"Are there WGD events in this lineage and when did they occur?" -> WGD detection combines Ks distributions (synonymous-substitution rates between gene paralog pairs, showing peaks at past polyploidy events) and synteny block analysis (parallel collinear blocks within a genome). Modern best practice uses wgd v2 (Chen et al 2024 Bioinformatics 40:btae272) as an integrated pipeline. KsRates (Sensalari 2022 Bioinformatics 38:530) is mandatory for cross-lineage comparison because substitution rates vary across the tree -- ignoring this places WGDs incorrectly relative to speciation events. The fundamental tradeoff: Ks plot peaks are visually obvious but biologically ambiguous between (1) small-scale tandem duplications, (2) segmental duplications, and (3) true WGD; combining Ks with synteny anchors disambiguates these.

  • CLI: wgd dmd and wgd ksd -- paranome construction + Ks distribution
  • CLI: wgd syn -- synteny-anchored WGD signal extraction
  • CLI: ksrates init then ksrates wgd-paralogs ortho -- substitution-rate-corrected positioning
  • CLI: MCScanX -h then dupgen_finder -- duplication-class assignment
  • CLI: mapsR -- gene-tree-based WGD phylogenetic placement

Read the full file on GitHub · 460 lines

Files

What ships with it

2 files beside SKILL.md in the same directory: the scripts, references and assets a skill reads on demand. Not counted in the per-session cost; read them before you install if any of them is executable.

Changes

What this file has done since we first saw it

Hashed on every crawl. A supply-chain change to an agent config is a question of when, not whether, so the history is kept rather than the latest state alone.

  1. 9d ago First seen · 460 lines · 221 tokens per session scan A 4ee13807bc3a

Subscribe to this mod's changes

bio-comparative-genomics-whole-genome-duplication is a skill published in the GitHub repository PKU-YuanGroup/OpenAI4S (407 stars, last pushed yesterday), licensed MIT. It adds 221 tokens to every session and 7,998 once invoked, about $0.0011 per session on Opus 5. A static security scan graded it A with 0 findings. It is 95% identical to bio-comparative-genomics-whole-genome-duplication, differing in 12 lines, and is treated as a copy.

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